Patterned growth of ZnO nanowires on flexible substrates for enhanced performance of flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators

Yang, Debin; Qiu, Yu; Qing-yu, Jiang; Guo, Zhao-Shuai; Song, Wenjing; Xu, Jie; Zong, Yang; Feng, Quan; Sun, Xiaoling

doi:10.1063/1.4975477

Cited by 64 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Indeed, this polymer matrix was a key point in the development of an electrically efficient PENG for two main reasons. The primary role of the parylene C, mainly due to its low Young Modulus (2.8 GPa) [36], was to correctly infiltrate into the sample to insulate the NWs from each other and reduce the impact of screening effects on the piezoelectric properties of the ZnO NWs [37,38]. The secondary role fulfilled by the polymer was to create a capacitive coupling between the NWs and the top electrode.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Au, ZnO and AZO Seed Layers on the Performance of ZnO Nanowire-Based Piezoelectric Nanogenerators

et al. 2019

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In this study, different seed layers like gold (Au), zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum-doped ZnO (AZO) have been associated to ZnO nanowires (NWs) for the development of mechanical energy harvesters. ZnO NWs were grown by using a low temperature hydrothermal method. The morphological properties were investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the analysis of crystalline quality and growth orientation was studied using X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The obtained ZnO NWs are found to be highly dense, uniformly distributed and vertically well aligned on the ZnO and AZO seed layers, while ZnO NWs grown on Au possess a low density and follow a non-uniform distribution. Moreover, the NWs exhibited good crystal quality over the seed layers. The piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) consists of ZnO NWs grown on the three different seed layers, parylene-C matrix, Ti/Al top electrode and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) encapsulated polymer composite. The measurements of the open circuit voltage (VOC) were around 272 mV, 36 mV for ZnO, AZO seed layers while the PENG including Au seed layer presented a short-circuited state. This study is an important step in order to investigate the effect of different seed layers influencing the magnitude of the generated electrical performances under identical growth and measurement conditions. It will also help identify the most suitable seed layers for energy harvesting devices and their future integration in industrial applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Au, ZnO and AZO Seed Layers on the Performance of ZnO Nanowire-Based Piezoelectric Nanogenerators

et al. 2019

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“…Roughness for non-annealed seed layer (nm) The improvement of morphology, alignment, and verticality of the ZnO NWs, due to both the decrease of thickness and the addition of the annealing stage of the ZnO seed layers, allows room for hope when it comes to their integration into our energy harvesting technologies for the improvement of their electrical performances [45]. However, the coalescence of the NWs can limit the mechanical compression along the c-axis of the NWs [46] and cause internal screening effects [47], leading to reduced piezoelectric potential, and thus lower nanogenerator performances.…”

Section: Thickness Of Seed Layer (Nm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition Time and Annealing Effects of ZnO Seed Layer on Enhancing Vertical Alignment of Piezoelectric ZnO Nanowires

et al. 2019

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Well aligned crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) on ZnO/Au/Ti/Si substrates were grown by so-called “hydrothermal synthesis”. ZnO seed layers with different thicknesses ranging from 5 to 100 nm, achieved by controlling the deposition time, were prepared by radio-frequency sputtering, followed by a post-annealing treatment in air at 400 °C. The effects of deposition time and annealing treatment of ZnO seed layers on the subsequent growth of ZnO NWs were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results reveal that the quality and growth behaviors of ZnO NWs are strongly dependent on both the thickness and the heat treatment of the ZnO seed layers. This work is an optimization step of an easy, cost-effective, and industrially scalable process flow recently developed for the fabrication of a high performance, nanocomposite-based stretchable nanogenerator (SNG) on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. The morphological improvement of hydrothermally grown ZnO NWs may therefore lead to higher performance SNGs for the targeted application of mechanical energy harvesting, in order to supply flexible and wearable electronics.

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“…However, perfect control of the ZnO NW’s density, aspect ratio and alignment with controlled electrical properties has rarely been reported. Moreover, it has been shown, both by simulations and experimental results, that the performances of electronic devices, such as piezoelectric nanogenerators, rely strongly on density and electrical properties of grown ZnO NWs 21 , 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A facile hydrothermal approach for the density tunable growth of ZnO nanowires and their electrical characterizations

Boubenia

Dahiya

Poulin‐Vittrant

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Controlling properties of one-dimensional (1D) semiconducting nanostructures is essential for the advancement of electronic devices. In this work, we present a low-temperature hydrothermal growth process enabling density control of aligned high aspect ratio ZnO nanowires (NWs) on seedless Au surface. A two order of magnitude change in ZnO NW density is demonstrated via careful control of the ammonium hydroxide concentration (NH4OH) in the solution. Based on the experimental observations, we further, hypothesized the growth mechanism leading to the density controlled growth of ZnO NWs. Moreover, the effect of NH4OH on the electrical properties of ZnO NWs, such as doping and field-effect mobility, is thoroughly investigated by fabricating single nanowire field-effect transistors. The electrical study shows the increase of free charge density while decrease of mobility in ZnO NWs with the increase of NH4OH concentration in the growth solution. These findings show that NH4OH can be used for simultaneous tuning of the NW density and electrical properties of the ZnO NWs grown by hydrothermal approach. The present work will guide the engineers and researchers to produce low-temperature density controlled aligned 1D ZnO NWs over wide range of substrates, including plastics, with tunable electrical properties.

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Patterned growth of ZnO nanowires on flexible substrates for enhanced performance of flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators

Cited by 64 publications

References 31 publications

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Au, ZnO and AZO Seed Layers on the Performance of ZnO Nanowire-Based Piezoelectric Nanogenerators

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Au, ZnO and AZO Seed Layers on the Performance of ZnO Nanowire-Based Piezoelectric Nanogenerators

Deposition Time and Annealing Effects of ZnO Seed Layer on Enhancing Vertical Alignment of Piezoelectric ZnO Nanowires

A facile hydrothermal approach for the density tunable growth of ZnO nanowires and their electrical characterizations

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