Patterning of Ferroelectric .BETA.'-Gd2(MoO4)3 Crystal Lines on the Glass Surface by Transition Metal Atom Heat Processing

Abstract

Lines consisting of ferroelectric bö -Gd 2 MoO 4 3 crystals are patterned on the surface of NiO 2 mol! -doped 21.25Gd 2 O 3 ெ63.75MoO 3 ெ15B 2 O 3 glass by continuous wave cw Nd: YAG laser irradiations with a wavelength of l 1064 nm, where laser energies absorbed by Ni 2 ions are converted to the local heating of surrounding Ni 2 ions. The surface morphology of crystals in the patterned lines is clarified from confocal scanning laser microscope observations. bö -Gd 2 MoO 4 3 crystal lines patterned by laser irradiations with a power of 0.73 W and a scanning speed of 2.5 mms show a smooth surface with a bump width: 9 mm, height: 3 mm , and it is suggested from polarized micro-Raman scattering spectra that bö -Gd 2 MoO 4 3 crystals might orient along the laser scanning direction. The present study demonstrates that the transition metal atom heat processing, i.e., a combination of cw Nd:YAG laser and Ni 2 ions, is a novel technique for spatially selected crystallization in rare-earth containing glasses.

Stress‐induced crystal axis spiral rotation in multiferroic β'‐Gd2(MoO4)3 observed only in glass crystallization

“…The structure of GdMoBO glasses, especially the coordination state of Mo 6+ and Gd 3+ ions, is of importance for a deep understanding of their crystallization behavior. In the Raman scattering spectra of GdMoBO glasses, 43,44 three broad peaks are observed at ~335 cm −1 , ~820 cm −1 , and 935 cm −1 , and these peaks are assigned to the bending mode, the asymmetric, and symmetric stretching vibration modes in MoO 4 tetrahedral units, respectively. It should be pointed out that the coordination state of Mo 6+ in GdMoBO glasses, that is, MoO 4 tetrahedral units, is the same as that in β-and β'-Gd 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 crystals.…”