Patterns and classification by soil taxonomy of the soils of the southern cook islands

Bruce, J. G.

doi:10.1016/0016-7061(83)90043-5

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Tree roots find their way underground through dissolution cracks and voids, searching for water in the absence of soil. What soil there is consists of Carbonatic Mollisol type and has thin, dark mollic epipedons (soil A horizon) and a very shallow contact with the underlying limestone (Bruce, 1983). Therefore, despite a thick vegetation cover, soil does not cover the whole limestone surface, and the organic layer observed above the caves is mainly of leaf litter.…”

Section: Southern Cook Islands and Atiu Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution reconstruction of infiltration in the Southern Cook Islands based on trace elements in speleothems

Faraji,

Borsato,

Frisia

et al. 2023

Quat. res.

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This study utilizes speleothem trace elements as climate proxies to reconstruct hydroclimate variability over approximately 350 years in the Southern Cook Islands. Stalagmites Pu17 and Pu4 from Pouatea cave were analyzed using high-resolution LA-ICP-MS for trace elements (Mg, Na, Sr, P, U, Y). By monitoring cave dripwater and conducting regression analysis, we found that Mg, Sr, and Na in Pouatea dripwater mostly originated from marine aerosols, while Sr and Ba were primarily from bedrock, with additional Ba coming from marine aerosols and weathered oceanic basalt leaching. Mg was identified as the most reliable element for hydroclimate reconstruction due to its predominantly marine aerosol origin. Infiltration, via dilution of marine aerosols and bedrock inputs, was identified as the main driver of trace element variations in Pouatea at a seasonal scale. Transfer functions were established between each trace element and effective infiltration was calculated, with Mg showing the strongest correlation. The reconstructed infiltration data were compared with climate indices, showing an overarching role of the SPCZ and ENSO in controlling rainfall in the South Pacific. This research demonstrates the potential of speleothem trace elements for paleohydroclimate reconstructions, improving understanding of rainfall variability in the climatically vulnerable South Pacific Islands over the past millennia.

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Section: Southern Cook Islands and Atiu Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution reconstruction of infiltration in the Southern Cook Islands based on trace elements in speleothems

Faraji,

Borsato,

Frisia

et al. 2023

Quat. res.

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“…The vegetation above both Nurau and Pouatea caves is thick, and soil cover is limited to patchy areas where it has concentrated in dissolution pits and trenches. Alfisols, Mollisols and Inceptisols are the main types of soils covering the island (Bruce, 1983). However, most of the karstified makatea is barren limestone, where tree roots find their way underground through dissolution cracks and voids in the absence of soil.…”

Section: Sample and Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate chronological construction for two young stalagmites from the tropical South Pacific

Faraji¹,

Frisia²,

Hua³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Modern to Holocene tropical Pacific stalagmites are commonly difficult to date with the U-series, the most commonly used dating method for speleothems. When U-series does not provide robust age models, due to multiple sources of 230Th or little U, radiocarbon is, potentially, the best alternative. The 14C content of two stalagmites (Pu17 and Nu16) collected from Pouatea and Nurau caves in the Cook Island Archipelago of the South Pacific were measured to obtain accurate chronology for their most modern parts. The bomb-pulse soil continuum modelling indicates that bomb radiocarbon in Pu17 onsets in 1956 and reaches its maximum in 1966 CE, suggesting a fast transfer of atmospheric carbon to the stalagmite of < 1 year. The modelling for Pu17 suggests a 20% contribution from C1 - an instantaneous carbon source, which renders possible an immediate transfer of atmospheric signal into the cave. Nu16 shows a slower transfer of atmospheric carbon to the stalagmite than Pu17, with bomb radiocarbon onsetting in 1957 CE and peaking in 1972 CE. The less negative δ13C values in Nu16 than Pu17, and also the modelling corroborated this, which points out no contribution from the instantaneous carbon source. The radiocarbon age models and laminae counting age models were then spliced to achieve a single master chronology for the top part of each stalagmite. This study is an example of 14C age modelling combined with visible physical and chemical laminae counting and how it can improve the accuracy and precision of dating for otherwise hard-to-date tropical Pacific speleothems. Such accurate and precise age models pave the way to obtain sub-annually resolved paleoclimate records by further improving the calibration of climate proxy data with the current and instrumental weather parameters.

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Micromorphology of a Soil Catena in Yucatán: Pedogenesis and Geomorphological Processes in a Tropical Karst Landscape

Sedov¹,

Solleiro‐Rebolledo²,

Fedick

et al.

New Trends in Soil Micromorphology

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Patterns and classification by soil taxonomy of the soils of the southern cook islands

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

High-resolution reconstruction of infiltration in the Southern Cook Islands based on trace elements in speleothems

High-resolution reconstruction of infiltration in the Southern Cook Islands based on trace elements in speleothems

Accurate chronological construction for two young stalagmites from the tropical South Pacific

Micromorphology of a Soil Catena in Yucatán: Pedogenesis and Geomorphological Processes in a Tropical Karst Landscape

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