Patterns and contexts of polysubstance use among young and older adults who are involved in the criminal legal system and use opioids: A mixed methods study

Sichel, Corianna E.; Winetsky, Daniel; Campos, Stephanie; O’Grady, Megan A.; Tross, Susan; Kim, Jane; Cohall, Alwyn; Cohall, Renee; Robson, Gail

doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2022.108864

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar research by Sichel and colleagues [18 ▪▪ ] found that in a smaller sample of individuals involved in the CJS, three latent polysubstance use subgroups emerged: (1) alcohol and marijuana (73%), (2) cocaine, heroin, alcohol (15%), and (3) stimulants, psychedelics, ecstasy, marijuana, alcohol, opioids, and benzodiazepines (12%) [18 ▪▪ ]. Findings also showed that individuals in the illicit polysubstance use subgroup were less likely to be Black/African American and more likely to be older than the class characterized by alcohol and marijuana [18 ▪▪ ]. Moreover, Stephenson and colleagues [27 ▪▪ ] found that among individuals with severe alcohol use disorders, those who had been arrested, incarcerated, or convicted of a crime were more likely to belong to latent subgroups characterized by a high likelihood of polysubstance use [27 ▪▪ ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…]. Latent subgroups of polysubstance use and delinquent behaviors have also been examined in youth (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) with SUDs and involvement in the CJS. Research by Childs and colleagues [29 && ] found three distinct classes emerge among justice-involved youth.…”

Section: Andandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior research has found that 18% of probationers tested positive for multiple substances; the odds of arrest doubled for these individuals compared to probationers who used a single substance [17]. Yet, the heterogeneity in substance use among justice-involved individuals obscures accurate subgroups of polysubstance use and the variability of related adverse consequences [5,12 ▪▪ ,18 ▪▪ ,19,20 ▪▪ ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The role of polysubstance use on criminal justice involvement in the United States

Jones

Strong-Jones

Apsley

2023

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of reviewPolysubstance use, broadly defined as using more than one type of substance, disproportionately impacts those involved in the criminal justice system (CJS). This review synthesizes recent findings on polysubstance use among those involved in the CJS and highlights areas of particular concern and interventions.Recent findingsWe use 18 recent articles to identify the prevalence and types of criminal justice involvement and correlates of polysubstance use and criminal justice involvement. We highlight latent patterns of polysubstance use among various criminal justice populations (adults, pregnant women, and youth) and differential associations with adverse substance use and criminal justice outcomes. Lastly, we discuss substance use treatment in the justice system, the role of polysubstance use in treatment access and outcomes, and substance use-related services for previously incarcerated individuals reentering society.SummaryCurrent research provides further evidence of the syndemic nature of polysubstance use, criminal justice involvement, and adverse outcomes, which are complicated by significant barriers to accessing evidence-based treatment in justice settings. Yet, current research is limited due to methodological inconsistency and limited focus on the social determinants of health, racial/ethnic disparities, and interventions to increase treatment and reentry services.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Andandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The role of polysubstance use on criminal justice involvement in the United States

Jones

Strong-Jones

Apsley

2023

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We were blind to clinician class membership during coding; class membership was an added variable after coding was completed. We both received doctoral-level training and supervision in qualitative methods, with experience conducting and publishing qualitative and mixed methods research [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74].…”

Section: Qualitative Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement feedback system implementation in public youth mental health treatment services: a mixed methods analysis

Sichel

Connors

2022

Implement Sci Commun

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Prior studies indicate the effectiveness of measurement-based care (MBC), an evidence-based practice, in improving and accelerating positive outcomes for youth receiving behavioral health services. MBC is the routine collection and use of client-reported progress measures to inform shared decision-making and collaborative treatment adjustments and is a relatively feasible and scalable clinical practice, particularly well-suited for under-resourced community mental health settings. However, uptake of MBC remains low, so information on determinants related to MBC practice patterns is needed. Methods Quantitative and qualitative data from N = 80 clinicians who implemented MBC using a measurement feedback system (MFS) were merged to understand and describe determinants of practice over three study phases. Quantitative, latent class analysis identified clinician groups based on participants’ ratings of MFS acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility and describes similarities/differences between classes in clinician-level characteristics (e.g., age; perceptions of implementation climate; reported MFS use; phase I). Qualitative analyses of clinicians’ responses to open-ended questions about their MFS use and feedback about the MFS and implementation supports were conducted separately to understand multi-level barriers and facilitators to MFS implementation (phase II). Mixing occurred during interpretation, examining clinician experiences and opinions across groups to understand the needs of different classes of clinicians, describe class differences, and inform selection of implementation strategies in future research (phase III). Results We identified two classes of clinicians: “Higher MFS” and “Lower MFS,” and found similarities and differences in MFS use across groups. Compared to Lower MFS participants, clinicians in the Higher MFS group reported facilitators at a higher rate. Four determinants of practice were associated with the uptake of MBC and MFS in youth-serving community mental health settings for all clinicians: clarity, appropriateness, and feasibility of the MFS and its measures; clinician knowledge and skills; client preferences and behaviors; and incentives and resources (e.g., time; continuing educational support). Findings also highlighted the need for individual-level implementation strategies to target clinician needs, skills, and perceptions for future MBC and MFS implementation efforts. Conclusion This study has implications for the adoption of evidence-based practices, such as MBC, in the context of community-based mental health services for youth.

show abstract

Patterns and contexts of polysubstance use among young and older adults who are involved in the criminal legal system and use opioids: A mixed methods study

Cited by 2 publications

References 48 publications

The role of polysubstance use on criminal justice involvement in the United States

The role of polysubstance use on criminal justice involvement in the United States

Measurement feedback system implementation in public youth mental health treatment services: a mixed methods analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About