Patterns and Processes of Diversification in Amazonian White Sand Ecosystems: Insights from Birds and Plants

Capurucho, João Marcos Guimarães; Borges, Sérgio Henrique; Cornelius, Cíntia; Vicentini, Alberto; Prata, Eduardo Magalhães Borges; Costa, Fábio Medeiros da; Campos, Prímula Viana; Sawakuchi, André Oliveira; Rodrigues, F. R. N.; Zular, André; Aleixo, Alexandre Luis Padovan; Bates, John M.; Ribas, Camila C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31167-4_11

Cited by 31 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Phylogeographic analyses of three white-sand ecosystems birds show demographic expansion starting after the Last Glacial Maximum, probably a consequence of local extinction and subsequent recolonization of white-sand ecosystem patches [17,18]. In addition, analyses of community nestedness suggest regional patterns of extinction and recolonization of white-sand ecosystems patches [9,19]. Based on these previous results suggesting recent range expansion, we predict that the ranges of whitesand birds were reduced during the last glacial cycle and that current ranges were attained recently in evolutionary time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Dispersal ability correlates with range size in Amazonian habitat-restricted birds

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Understanding how species attain their geographical distributions and identifying traits correlated with range size are important objectives in biogeography, evolutionary biology and biodiversity conservation. Despite much effort, results have been varied and general trends have been slow to emerge. Studying species pools that occupy specific habitats, rather than clades or large groupings of species occupying diverse habitats, may better identify ranges size correlates and be more informative for conservation programmes in a rapidly changing world. We evaluated correlations between a set of organismal traits and range size in bird species from Amazonian white-sand ecosystems. We assessed if results are consistent when using different data sources for phylogenetic and range hypotheses. We found that dispersal ability, as measured by the hand-wing index, was correlated with range size in both white-sand birds and their non-white-sand sister taxa. White-sand birds had smaller ranges on average than their sister taxa. The results were similar and robust to the different data sources. Our results suggest that the patchiness of white-sand ecosystems limits species’ ability to reach new habitat islands and establish new populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Amazonian white-sand ecosystems occur patchily on nutrient-poor white-sand soils that were formed by different geological processes through time and space [9]. We selected species based on studies by Alonso et al [10] and Borges et al [11] that document avian taxa that are restricted to whitesand ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersal ability correlates with range size in Amazonian habitat-restricted birds

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“…Campina patches in Viruá also have higher diversity of white-sand specialist bird species, possibly due to its proximity to other open habitat types such as the Northern South America savannas ( Fig. 1; Borges et al 2016a;Capurucho et al 2020a).…”

Section: Genetic Diversity and Population Structure: Historical Influmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The predominant view of Amazonia as a homogeneous humid tropical forest does not match the heterogeneity of landscapes it harbors (Myster 2016;Tuomisto et al 2019). Indeed, Amazonia comprises diverse vegetation formations from humid tropical forests (terra-firme) to non-forested formations, such as white-sand grasslands and shrubby habitats (Anderson 1981;Adeney et al 2016;Capurucho et al 2020a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…White-sand shrub and grassland patches, hereafter campinas, are naturally fragmented and resemble islands in a "sea" of forests, growing on nutrient-poor soils (Prance 1996;Fine et al 2010;Ritter et al 2018;Costa et al 2020;Capurucho et al 2020a). Campina patches cover approximately 1.6% of the Amazon basin (Adeney et al 2016), yet are an important Amazonian island-like system, harboring a unique biota (Borges et al 2016a;Costa et al 2020;Capurucho et al 2020a). Landscapes with campina patches have different spatial configurations throughout Amazonia, composed of large and connected patches in the north and small and isolated patches in the south (Borges et al 2016a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landscape configuration of an Amazonian island-like ecosystem drives population structure and genetic diversity of a habitat-specialist bird

Ritter

Ribas

Menger

et al. 2020

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ContextAmazonian white-sand ecosystems (campinas) are open vegetation patches which form a natural island-like system in a matrix of tropical rainforest. Due to their clear distinction from the surrounding matrix, the spatial characteristics of campina patches may affect the genetic diversity and composition of their specialized organisms such as the small and endemic passerine Elaenia ruficeps.ObjectivesHere, we estimate the relative contribution of the current extension, configuration and geographical context of campina patches to the patterns of genetic diversity and population structure of E. ruficeps.MethodsWe sampled individuals of E. ruficeps from three landscapes in Central Amazonia with contrasting campina spatial distribution, from landscapes with large and connected patches to landscapes with small and isolated patches. We estimate population structure, genetic diversity, and contemporary and historical migration within and among the three landscapes and used landscape metrics as predictor variables. Furthermore, we estimate genetic isolation by distance and resistance among individuals sampled within landscapes.ResultsWe identified three genetically distinct populations with asymmetrical gene flow among landscapes and a decreasing migration rate with distance. Within each landscape, we found low genetic differentiation without genetic isolation by distance nor by resistance. In contrast, we found differentiation and spatial correlation between landscapes.ConclusionsOur results uncover population dynamics of E. ruficeps through time. Together with previous studies, this suggests that both regional context and landscape structure shape the connectivity among populations of campina specialist birds, and that Amazonian landscapes, together with their associated biota, have responded to recent climatic changes.

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White-Sand Ecosystems in the Amazon Region: Location, Distinctive Features, Ecology. A Review

Montero

2023

Ecological Studies

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Patterns and Processes of Diversification in Amazonian White Sand Ecosystems: Insights from Birds and Plants

Cited by 31 publications

References 87 publications

Dispersal ability correlates with range size in Amazonian habitat-restricted birds

Dispersal ability correlates with range size in Amazonian habitat-restricted birds

Landscape configuration of an Amazonian island-like ecosystem drives population structure and genetic diversity of a habitat-specialist bird

White-Sand Ecosystems in the Amazon Region: Location, Distinctive Features, Ecology. A Review

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