Patterns and Sizes of Authigenic Carbonate Formation in the Pliocene Foreland in Southwestern Taiwan: Implications of an Ancient Methane Seep

Chien, Chun Ru; Huang, Chen; Lee, Hong Chun; Kang, Yang

doi:10.3319/tao.2013.07.05.01(tt)

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…2, 3c). Because the size of a seep carbonate may have a reasonable correlation to the flux and quantity of methane release (Chien et al 2013), we suggest that foraminiferal fossil assemblages were not affected by weak and small (SPN type) seepages.…”

Section: Seep-influenced Foraminiferal Fossil Assemblages and Caco 3 mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…1). Based on field investigation of their occurrence patterns, three types of the seep carbonate were recognized (please see Chien et al 2013 for details):…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the seep carbonates and their stable carbon isotope signatures, we have recorded a paleoseep in the Pliocene foredeep sequences of southwestern Taiwan (Chien et al 2013). This study will present influences of pore water chemistry, which is associated with methane seep activity, on foraminiferal taphonomy by short-interval (few decimeters) sampling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Survival of their calcareous tests from acidified pore water depends on the detention time within TAZ: longer detention, more dissolution (Cai et al 2006). The cold seep macrofossils often represent a paradoxical occurrence: completely dissolved shells with well-preserved carbonate inner-moulds [e.g., most Anodontia goliath (Yokoyama 1928) fossils in the Chiahsien Paleoseep; see Chien et al 2013].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera ratio: Chemical interface tracer for Pliocene Chiahsien paleoseep, SW Taiwan

Chien¹,

Huang²,

Luo³

et al. 2018

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Cold-seep carbonate concretions were preserved in the Chiahsien paleoseep remnant within the Pliocene Yenshuiken Formation of southwestern Taiwan foreland sequence. Compared to the non-seep controls in the Yenshuiken Formation, muddy host rocks that were < 30 cm from massive authigenic carbonate concretions (ACCs) have low CaCO 3 contents (~1%), high percentages of agglutinated foraminifera (~90%), and almost no calcareous foraminifera (both benthic and planktonic). However, host rocks that were > 30 cm away from such ACCs have normal marine assemblages (low agglutinated foraminifera percentages, < 6.6%; fair CaCO 3 content, 3.5 -7.9%). Host rocks that were < 80 cm from chimney-shaped ACCs also have abnormal assemblages, whereas those > 80 cm away from the chimneys have normal assemblages. Host rocks between pipe-shaped ACCs have similar characteristics to mudstone samples from control sites. Low percentages of calcareous foraminiferal fossils in the paleoseep remnant are due to pore water acidification within the taphonomically active zone (TAZ), which is triggered and accelerated by oxidation of sulfide [HS -, the product of anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM)] in the methane seep environments. We suggest that foraminiferal assemblages can be influenced by methane seep activities taphonomically and that, therefore, ratios between calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera can reflect and record geochemical interface [e.g., TAZ; sulfate-methane interface (SMI) where AOM occurs] shifts on a subtler scale (only few decimeters) in paleoseep remnants.

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Section: Seep-influenced Foraminiferal Fossil Assemblages and Caco 3 mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…1). Based on field investigation of their occurrence patterns, three types of the seep carbonate were recognized (please see Chien et al 2013 for details):…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera ratio: Chemical interface tracer for Pliocene Chiahsien paleoseep, SW Taiwan

Chien¹,

Huang²,

Luo³

et al. 2018

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

Self Cite

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“…Furthermore, several fossilized, cold-seep carbonates are also preserved onshore in southwestern Taiwan (Wang et al, 2006;Chien et al, 2012). Among those reports, the occurrence of authigenic carbonates and their mineralogy, petrography, and stable carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions have been reported (Chiu et al, 2006;Huang et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2006;Chien et al, 2012Chien et al, , 2013Wang et al, 2018). Nonetheless, the environmental conditions of the carbonates precipitation and the sources of carbon and organic matter remained unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Biomarkers and Their Stable Carbon Isotopes in Ancient Seep Carbonates from SW Taiwan, China

Guan

Wang

et al. 2019

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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Four massive brecciated, chimney-like, and slender pipe network carbonate samples were collected from southwestern Taiwan, which were suggested to have formed as a result of anaerobic oxidization of methane (AOM). Considering that the environmental conditions of the carbonates precipitation and the sources of carbon and organic matter need to be further declared, molecular fossils and compound-specific carbon isotopic investigations of the carbonates were conducted in this study. According to lipid biomarkers of 2,6,10,15,19-pentamethyleicosane (PMI) and squalane diagnostic to methanotrophic archaea, as well as the extremely low δ 13 C values (as low as -113.4‰) detected in samples JA-4, JA-5 and JX-8, these carbonates were revealed to be a result of AOM. Based on the varied δ 13 C values of characteristic archaea biomarkers in specific samples, biogenic methane was proposed to be responsible for the formation of samples JA-4 and JA-5, whereas a mixed carbon source of 13 C-depleted methane and 13 C-enriched residual CO 2 from methanogenesis was suggested for the carbonate of JX-8 due to the co-occurrence of a highly positive δ 13 C carb value (+8‰) and a moderate 13 C depletion of PMI. The low content of AOM-related biomarkers and the absence of indicators for ANME-2 suggested that these carbonates were formed in weak seep settings. By comparison, no typical lipid biomarkers for methanotrophic archaea was detected in carbonate BG-12. The short-chain and long-chain n-alkanes accounted for 30% and 45% of all hydrocarbons, respectively, with a CPI value of 1.2, suggesting that the n-alkanes were derived from both marine organisms and terrestrial inputs. A low thermal maturity could be revealed by the incomplete equilibrium value of the C 31 αβ 22S/(22S+22R) ratio (0.5), and the carbonate BG-12 was probably deposited in a suboxic condition indicated by a value of Pr/Ph ratio (2.5).

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Ancient Hydrocarbon Seeps of the World

Hryniewicz

2022

Topics in Geobiology

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Patterns and Sizes of Authigenic Carbonate Formation in the Pliocene Foreland in Southwestern Taiwan: Implications of an Ancient Methane Seep

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera ratio: Chemical interface tracer for Pliocene Chiahsien paleoseep, SW Taiwan

Calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera ratio: Chemical interface tracer for Pliocene Chiahsien paleoseep, SW Taiwan

Lipid Biomarkers and Their Stable Carbon Isotopes in Ancient Seep Carbonates from SW Taiwan, China

Ancient Hydrocarbon Seeps of the World

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