Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) pollinate plants, predate other insects, and feed on vegetal and decay materials, being used as bioindicators of different ecosystem conditions and processes. The main aim of the present paper is to enhance the bioindicator potential of hoverflies in Algeria (North Africa) by studying the hoverfly communities of six sites with different vegetation and conditions, in the semi-arid Northeast of Algeria: unpolluted riverbank, plant nursery, polluted riverbank, olive orchard (Olea europaea), prickly pear plantations (Opuntia ficus-indica), and a cypress hedge (Cupressus sempervirens).With an entomological net, hoverflies were sampled fortnightly from December 2016 to November 2017. In total 37 species were identified, predominating by the subfamily Erisalinae. The unpolluted and polluted riverbanks, and the plant nursery had the highest species richness with 26, 24, and 23 species respectively, whereas, the lowest species numbers were detected in the prickly pear plantations, the cypress hedge and the olive orchard with 16, 14, and 10 species respectively. One species was new to North Africa (Eumerus etnensis) and other three species new to Algeria (Eupeodes nuba, Paragus vandergooti and Eumerus obliquus). The results of the present paper suggest the need for further hoverfly surveys in other unexplored regions and habitats of Algeria.