Patterns of cannabis use, psychotic-like experiences and personality styles in young cannabis users

Spriggens, Lauren K.; Hides, Leanne

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.03.023

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Additionally, we showed that there was a significant indirect effect from growth in cannabis use to the increasing PLE trajectory through growth in depressive symptoms. These findings are in accordance with three previous studies in young adults showing cross‐sectional mediation or moderation relationships from depressive/anxiety symptoms on the link between cannabis use and psychotic experiences (Najolia, Buckner, & Cohen, ; Reeves et al., ; Spriggens & Hides, ). Interestingly, these results are also supported by the reported acute effects of cannabis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Cannabis use and psychotic‐like experiences trajectories during early adolescence: the coevolution and potential mediators

Bourque

Afzali

O'Leary‐Barrett

et al. 2017

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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Background:The authors sought to model the different trajectories of psychotic-like experiences (PLE) during adolescence and to examine whether the longitudinal relationship between cannabis use and PLE is mediated by changes in cognitive development and/or change in anxiety or depression symptoms. Methods: A total of 2,566 youths were assessed every year for 4-years (from 13-to 16-years of age) on clinical, substance use and cognitive development outcomes. Latent class growth models identified three trajectories of PLE: low decreasing (83.9%), high decreasing (7.9%), and moderate increasing class (8.2%). We conducted logistic regressions to investigate whether baseline levels and growth in cannabis use were associated with PLE trajectory membership. Then, we examined the effects of potential mediators (growth in cognition and anxiety/depression) on the relationship between growth in cannabis use and PLE trajectory. Results: A steeper growth in cannabis use from 13-to 16-years was associated with a higher likelihood of being assigned to the moderate increasing trajectory of PLE [odds ratio, 2.59; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-6.03], when controlling for cumulative cigarette use. Growth in depression symptoms, not anxiety or change in cognitive functioning, mediated the relationship between growth in cannabis use and the PLE moderate increasing group (indirect effect: 0.07; 95% CI, 0.03-0.11). Conclusions: Depression symptoms partially mediated the longitudinal link between cannabis use and PLE in adolescents, suggesting that there may be a preventative effect to be gained from targeting depression symptoms, in addition to attempting to prevent cannabis use in youth presenting increasing psychotic experiences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Cannabis use and psychotic‐like experiences trajectories during early adolescence: the coevolution and potential mediators

Bourque

Afzali

O'Leary‐Barrett

et al. 2017

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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“…In 13 studies, it was suggested that any use of cannabis was associated with the occurrence of PLEs, even when discontinued use was compared to no use at all (van Gastel et al, , ). In addition, the association increased as the frequency of use increased (Spriggens & Hides, ; Verdoux et al, ), even when the measure was less specific, for example, any lifetime use (Balzan, Delfabbro, Galletly, & Woodward, ; Galletly et al, ; Skinner et al, ; Stefanis et al, ). The results also suggested that a more intense pattern of use was significantly associated with the occurrence of PLEs (Brañas et al, ; Galletly et al, ; Schubart, Sommer, et al, ; Schubart, van Gastel, et al, ; Skinner et al, ; van Gastel et al, , ), and the association was stronger for younger ages of first cannabis use (Konings et al, ; Ruiz‐Veguilla et al, ; Schubart, van Gastel, et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 13 studies, it was suggested that any use of cannabis was associated with the occurrence of PLEs, even when discontinued use was compared to no use at all (van Gastel et al, 2012. In addition, the association increased as the frequency of use increased (Spriggens & Hides, 2015;Verdoux et al, 2003), even when the measure was less specific, for example, any lifetime use (Balzan, Delfabbro, Galletly, & Woodward, 2012;Galletly et al, 2016;Skinner et al, 2011;Stefanis et al, 2004).…”

Section: Positive Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis use as a risk factor for psychotic‐like experiences: A systematic review of non‐clinical populations evaluated with the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences

Ragazzi

Shuhama

Menezes

et al. 2018

Early Intervention Psych

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“…In order to determine whether this higher level is due to cannabis effect, patients with urinary cannabis test positive were excluded from the analysis and significantly higher schizotypal level was observed again in the patient group. In a study conducted for the frequency of cannabis use for lifetime, researchers suggested a positive correlation between psychosis-like experience in cannabis use and schizotypal personality [2]. Other studies also suggested a positive correlation between cannabis use and schizotypal personality [10][11][12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cannabis is one of the most frequently used illegal substances in the world, especially by young adults. Several studies have demonstrated that cannabis use is associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, personality characteristics, and psychosis-like symptoms [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Schizotypal personality characteristics were shown to be predictors for schizophrenia [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effect of schizotypy on cannabis use predictors

Eren¹,

Dılbaz

Sönmez³

et al. 2017

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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OBJECTIVES: In this study, it was aimed to compare male persons with cannabis abuse in terms of schizotypal features with a control group paired in age, sex, and education level, and to find a subgroup in the group of cannabis use whose schizotypal points are higher than those having personality disorder as an another factor increasing the tendency of cannabis use. METHODS: A total of 251 consequent male patients aged between 18 and 65 years with cannabis use disorder were admitted to the outpatient clinics of Freedom under supervision of AMATEM of Ankara Numune Hospital for Education and Investigation. Individuals who had an education duration of at least 5 years were included in this study, as self-applied scales are used. The control group consisted of 120 healthy male volunteers matched for age, gender, and education level among physicians and other healthcare professionals from Ankara Numune Hospital and their relatives. The patients and controls were informed about this study, and their written informed consent was obtained, after which their demographic characteristics were recorded. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR for Axis I disorders (SCID-I) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Axis II disorders (SCID-II) were applied, and appropriate candidates were asked to complete the Schizotypal Personality Scale. Substance use was determined by routine urine tests done by the AMATEM laboratory. RESULTS: The study sample of 371 individuals consisted of 251 patients and 120 controls. The median value of schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) total score was 21 in the cannabis group. The ratio of patients with >21 points was significantly higher after participants with SPD were included in the group without personality disorder (PD) (p < .001). Also, the ratio of individuals who had first used cannabis <18 years in the group with PD (after SPD was excluded) was 44.1%, while it was 24.5% in the group without PD (p = .004). Especially, the use of cannabis, the level of education and income (p < .001), the decrease of the age of starting to use cannabis (p < .002), the existence of chronic mental illness in the family (p = .009), the increase of frequency of substance use (p < .001), and smoking and cannabis in the family (p < .001) are seen as important risk factors to predict the schizotypality. CONCLUSIONS: Although there are many studies confirming the relation between cannabis use and schizotypality, it is certain that we need to have more large-scale and longitudinal follow-up studies to help us find the direction of this relation. Knowing the direction of this relation will also help us understand the relation between cannabis use and psychosis.

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Patterns of cannabis use, psychotic-like experiences and personality styles in young cannabis users

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

Cannabis use and psychotic‐like experiences trajectories during early adolescence: the coevolution and potential mediators

Cannabis use and psychotic‐like experiences trajectories during early adolescence: the coevolution and potential mediators

Cannabis use as a risk factor for psychotic‐like experiences: A systematic review of non‐clinical populations evaluated with the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences

Evaluation of the effect of schizotypy on cannabis use predictors

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