Patterns of Coordinated Anatomical Change in Human Cortical Development: A Longitudinal Neuroimaging Study of Maturational Coupling

Raznahan, Armin; Lerch, Jason P.; Lee, Nancy; Greenstein, Dede; Wallace, Gregory L.; Stockman, Michael; Clasen, Liv S.; Shaw, Philip; Giedd, Jay N.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.09.028

Cited by 302 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…We note that there is increasing evidence to suggest that differences in cortical thickness may also be related to underlying differences in white matter connectivity (Lerch et al, 2006;Raznahan et al, 2011). Future research should combine complementary, multimodal structural (e.g.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 89%

The effect of lifelong bilingualism on regional grey and white matter volume

et al. 2015

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Lifelong bilingualism is associated with the delayed diagnosis of dementia, suggesting bilingual experience is relevant to brain health in aging. While the effects of bilingualism on cognitive functions across the lifespan are well documented, less is known about the neural substrates underlying differential behavior. It is clear that bilingualism affects brain regions that mediate language abilities and that these regions are at least partially overlapping with those that exhibit age-related decline.Moreover, the behavioural advantages observed in bilingualism are generally found in executive function performance, suggesting that the frontal lobes may also be sensitive to bilingualism, which exhibit volume reductions with age. The current study investigated structural differences in the brain of lifelong bilingual older adults (n = 14, mean age = 70.4) compared with older monolinguals (n = 14, mean age= 70.6). We employed two analytic approaches: 1) we examined global differences in grey and white matter volumes; and, 2) we examined local differences in volume and cortical thickness of specific regions of interest previously implicated in bilingual/monolingual comparisons (temporal pole) or in aging (entorhinal cortex and hippocampus). We expected bilinguals would exhibit greater volume of the frontal lobe and temporal lobe (grey and white matter), given the importance of these regions in executive and language functions, respectively. We further hypothesized that regions in the medial temporal lobe, which demonstrate early changes in aging and exhibit neural pathology in dementia, would be more preserved in the bilingual group. As predicted, bilinguals exhibit greater frontal lobe white matter compared with monolinguals. Moreover, increasing age was related to decreasing temporal pole cortical thickness in the monolingual group, but no such relationship was observed for bilinguals. Finally, Stroop task performance was positively correlated with frontal lobe white matter, emphasizing the importance of preserved white matter in maintaining executive function in aging.These results underscore previous findings implicating an association between bilingualism and preserved frontal and temporal lobe function in aging.

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Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 89%

The effect of lifelong bilingualism on regional grey and white matter volume

et al. 2015

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“…Large-scale developmental studies in typically developing individuals that include both cross-sectional and longitudinal data show that after a period of growth in early childhood, grey matter thinning occurs across the entire cortex in adolescence (Raznahan, Shaw, et al, 2011;Raznahan, Lerch, et al, 2011;Shaw et al, 2008). To our knowledge, no longitudinal studies in individuals with ASD have examined cortical thickness development across a wide age-range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of age and symptomatology on cortical thickness in autism spectrum disorders

Doyle‐Thomas¹,

Duerden²,

Taylor³

et al. 2013

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

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Several brain regions show structural and functional abnormalities in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but the developmental trajectory of abnormalities in these structures and how they may relate to social and communicative impairments are still unclear. We assessed the effects of age on cortical thickness in individuals with ASD, between the ages of 7 and 39 years in comparison to typically developing controls. Additionally, we examined differences in cortical thickness in relation to symptomatology in the ASD group, and their association with age. Analyses were conducted using a general linear model, controlling for sex. Social and communication scores from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) were correlated with the thickness of regions implicated in those functions. Controls showed widespread cortical thinning relative to the ASD group. Within regions-of-interest, increased thickness in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex was associated with poorer social scores. Additionally, a significant interaction between age and social impairment was found in the orbitofrontal cortex, with more impaired younger children having decreased thickness in this region. These results suggest that differential neurodevelopmental trajectories are present in individuals with ASD and some differences are associated with diagnostic behaviours.

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“…For example, modern methods for cortical morphometry measure cortical thickness, surface area, volume, curvature and sulcal depth relative to the brain hull at tens of thousands of points across the cortical mantle in a single scan. It has become clear that these diverse metrics follow distinct developmental trajectories in health 163 , which reflect non-overlapping sets of genetic and environmental influences 18 , but can be inter-related in a spatiotemporally specific manner 164 . These normative observations carry major consequences for the optimal design of structural neuroimaging analysis in clinical populations, because conclusions regarding the presence and regional distribution of cortical abnormalities in a given genetic disorder can vary greatly across different morphometric features 159 .…”

Section: Box 2: Population Neurosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, patterns of structural covariance are known to vary over childhood and adolescence 50 , track inter-individual differences in cognitive ability 167 , be altered by disease processes 168 , and recapitulate patterns of maturational coupling 163 , inter-regional connectivity and coordinated functional activation within the human brain 169,170 . Crucially, normative patterns of anatomical covariation in the human brain appear to constrain the spatial distribution of disease effects 168,171 , which advances our ability to assay and interpret structural neuroimaging phenotypes in clinical populations.…”

Section: Box 2: Population Neurosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Studying neuroanatomy using MRI

et al. 2017

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The study of neuroanatomy using imaging enables key insights into how our brains function, are shaped by genes and environment, and change with development, aging, and disease. Developments in MRI acquisition, image processing, and data modelling have been key to these advances. However, MRI provides an indirect measurement of the biological signals we aim to investigate. Thus, artifacts and key questions of correct interpretation can confound the readouts provided by anatomical MRI. In this review we provide an overview of the methods for measuring macro-and mesoscopic structure and inferring microstructural properties; we also describe key artefacts and confounds that can lead to incorrect conclusions. Ultimately, we believe that, though methods need to improve and caution is required in its interpretation, structural MRI continues to have great promise in furthering our understanding of how the brain works.

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Patterns of Coordinated Anatomical Change in Human Cortical Development: A Longitudinal Neuroimaging Study of Maturational Coupling

Cited by 302 publications

References 74 publications

The effect of lifelong bilingualism on regional grey and white matter volume

The effect of lifelong bilingualism on regional grey and white matter volume

Effects of age and symptomatology on cortical thickness in autism spectrum disorders

Studying neuroanatomy using MRI

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