Patterns of defence gene expression in the tomato–<i>Verticillium</i>interaction

Robb, Jane; Castroverde, Christian Danve M.; Shittu, Hakeem Olalekan; Nazar, Ross N.

doi:10.1139/b09-056

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The induction of various pathogen-related (PR) genes in Arabidopsis was shown already in the early stage of Verticillium infection and depends on ethylene and jasmonic acid-associated signals [ 52 , 53 ]. Own observation (data not shown) and results of Robb et al [ 32 ] demonstrated that tomato root and shoot also upregulated defence-related genes in response to Verticillium colonization. Hence, carbohydrate metabolism plays a vital role in regulating defence responses or inducing pathogen related ( PR ) genes by sugars [ 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Perturbations in the Primary Metabolism of Tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana Plants Infected with the Soil-Borne Fungus Verticillium dahliae

et al. 2015

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The hemibiotrophic soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae is a major pathogen of a number of economically important crop species. Here, the metabolic response of both tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana to V. dahliae infection was analysed by first using non-targeted GC-MS profiling. The leaf content of both major cell wall components glucuronic acid and xylose was reduced in the presence of the pathogen in tomato but enhanced in A. thaliana. The leaf content of the two tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates fumaric acid and succinic acid was increased in the leaf of both species, reflecting a likely higher demand for reducing equivalents required for defence responses. A prominent group of affected compounds was amino acids and based on the targeted analysis in the root, it was shown that the level of 12 and four free amino acids was enhanced by the infection in, respectively, tomato and A. thaliana, with leucine and histidine being represented in both host species. The leaf content of six free amino acids was reduced in the leaf tissue of diseased A. thaliana plants, while that of two free amino acids was raised in the tomato plants. This study emphasizes the role of primary plant metabolites in adaptive responses when the fungus has colonized the plant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Perturbations in the Primary Metabolism of Tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana Plants Infected with the Soil-Borne Fungus Verticillium dahliae

et al. 2015

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“…It seems that the ratio between fungus and plant mRNA favours plant mRNA and that the methods used were unable to detect more fungal TDFs. However, in several other differential expression analyses of the Verticillium-host system, no fungus sequences were reported (Robb et al 2009 ; Robb et al 2012 ; van Esse et al 2009 ). In planta detection of fungal protein might suggest their role in fungal virulence and thus make the eight TDFs potential candidate genes to be tested for their function.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Gene Expressions of Resistant and Susceptible Hop Cultivars in Response to Infection with a Highly Aggressive Strain of Verticillium albo-atrum

et al. 2014

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Verticillium wilt has become a serious threat to hop production in Europe due to outbreaks of lethal wilt caused by a highly virulent strain of Verticillium albo-atrum. In order to enhance our understanding of resistance mechanisms, the fungal colonization patterns and interactions of resistant and susceptible hop cultivars infected with V. albo-atrum were analysed in time course experiments. Quantification of fungal DNA showed marked differences in spatial and temporal fungal colonization patterns in the two cultivars. Two differential display methods obtained 217 transcripts with altered expression, of which 84 showed similarity to plant proteins and 8 to fungal proteins. Gene ontology categorised them into cellular and metabolic processes, response to stimuli, biological regulation, biogenesis and localization. The expression patterns of 17 transcripts with possible implication in plant immunity were examined by real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Our results showed strong expression of genes encoding pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in susceptible plants and strong upregulation of genes implicated in ubiquitination and vesicle trafficking in the incompatible interaction and their downregulation in susceptible plants, suggesting the involvement of these processes in the hop resistance reaction. In the resistant cultivar, the RT-qPCR expression patterns of most genes showed their peak at 20 dpi and declined towards 30 dpi, comparable to the gene expression pattern of in planta detected fungal protein and coinciding with the highest fungal biomass in plants at 15 dpi. These expression patterns suggest that the defence response in the resistant cultivar is strong enough at 20 dpi to restrict further fungus colonization.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11105-014-0767-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Genes for an endochitinase ( SlPR3 ) and for the PR protein 6 ( SlPR6 ) were selected as they have been upregulated in stems of V. dahliae infected plants (Robb et al . 2009). In the current study, only the expression of SlPR3 was induced in roots infected with V. dahliae .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential interaction of the dark septate endophyte Cadophora sp. and fungal pathogens in vitro and in planta

Yakti

Kovács

Franken

2019

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) present a group of widespread root-colonizing fungi. The role of these endophytes in ecosystems and their interactions with plant pathogens are not well understood. In the current study, we assessed the antagonistic potential of the model DSE Cadophora sp. against the tomato soilborne pathogens Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium aphanidermatum and Verticillium dahliae. To investigate their interactions, we conducted in vitro assays followed by a greenhouse experiments in which tomato plants were inoculated with different combinations of the DSE and pathogens. RNA accumulation of selected tomato pathogenesis-related genes and of Cadophora sp. genes with putative antifungal function was analyzed. Cadophora sp. inhibited the growth of the fungal pathogens in vitro and vice versa; a negative impact of the pathogens on the growth of the DSE was also detected. In roots, however, this mutual negative interaction could not be observed. Expression analyses of plant genes could not explain this differential effect, but among the Cadophora sp. genes analyzed, a gene coding for a chalcone synthase was downregulated in planta. The data indicate that plants can change the interaction between fungi and, therefore, in vitro detected antagonism does not necessarily reflect the situation inside the plant.

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Patterns of defence gene expression in the tomato–Verticilliuminteraction

Cited by 14 publications

References 55 publications

Perturbations in the Primary Metabolism of Tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana Plants Infected with the Soil-Borne Fungus Verticillium dahliae

Perturbations in the Primary Metabolism of Tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana Plants Infected with the Soil-Borne Fungus Verticillium dahliae

Different Gene Expressions of Resistant and Susceptible Hop Cultivars in Response to Infection with a Highly Aggressive Strain of Verticillium albo-atrum

Differential interaction of the dark septate endophyte Cadophora sp. and fungal pathogens in vitro and in planta

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