Patterns of dental anomalies in patients with nonsyndromic oral cleft

Abstract

Aim: To characterize the patterns of dental anomalies (DA) in the mixed and permanent dentitions of patients with nonsyndromic oral cleft (NSOC). Methods: This cross-sectional, observational, case-control study included 173 patients, 61 with mixed dentition (NSOC=29 and control=32) and 112 with permanent dentition (NSOC=57 and control=55). All subjected were submitted to clinical and radiographic examination. Dental anomalies of eruption, number, size and shape outside the cleft area were considered. Results: Although there was no statistical significance among patients with mixed dentition, dental agenesis was the anomaly more common in this group. In patients with permanent dentition, a higher prevalence of DA in NSOC group compared to control group was observed (p=0.02). Gyroversion and dental agenesis were the DA more frequently observed in the permanent dentition and the second premolar was the tooth more affected (p=0.003). Mandible and the left side were more involved, and dental agenesis was more frequently found in patients with unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL±P). Conclusion: Our findings show a higher frequency of DA in NSOCs than in the control group in patients with permanent dentition, mainly due to a higher occurrence of agenesis of second premolars in patients with unilateral NSCL±P.

Relationship of complete unilateral and bilateral cleft palate with malposition and malformation of maxillary lateral incisors

“…A physiological delay in the fusion of the dental epithelium and multiple seeds of the upper lateral may explain the developmental susceptibility to the occurrence of lateral incisor anomalies even in the absence of lateral incisor anomalies even in the absence of orofacial clefts. 18,45 Results this study shows that the presence of a gap increases the association between malposition and malformation of the maxillary lateral incisors. The most common malposition in this study was impaction of the lateral incisors, while the most common malformation in cleft palate is a peg shape of the maxillary lateral incisors.…”

“…Common malformations in cleft lip and palate are peg-shaped lateral incisors maxilla. 18,45 Unilateral and bilateral total cleft palates are associated with malposition and malformation of the maxillary lateral incisors. This was mentioned by Hovorakova that during normal development, the medial fascial processus of the nasal and maxillary fuse to form the maxillary arch.…”

“…The most common malposition in this study was impaction of the lateral incisors, while the most common malformation in cleft palate is a peg shape of the maxillary lateral incisors. 17,18,24 5. Conclusions 1.…”

“…12,15,16 Dental anomalies have comprehensive variations consisting of: number, size, shape, and eruption abnormalities and can cause difficulties in dental care and aesthetic problems. [17][18][19] Dental anomalies can cause malocclusion and disturbances in tooth eruption and dental arch development. 20,21 Early diagnosis is important in preventing advanced maxillofacial deformities.…”