Patterns of fish diversity in a mainstem Missouri River reservoir and associated delta in South Dakota and Nebraska, USA

Kaemingk, Mark A.; Graeb, Brian D. S.; Hoagstrom, Christopher W.; Willis, David W.

doi:10.1002/rra.1002

Cited by 35 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…in Ken River support great variety of fauna (Kaemingk et al 2007). Moreover, it is a well established fact that there is occurrence of higher species richness at the confluence of tributary streams with the main river than in the tributary streams (Falke & Gido 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fish diversity and assemblage structure in Ken River of Panna landscape, central India

Johnson¹,

Parmar²,

Ramesh³

et al. 2012

J. Threat. Taxa

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fish diversity and assemblage structure in Ken River of Panna landscape, central India

Johnson¹,

Parmar²,

Ramesh³

et al. 2012

J. Threat. Taxa

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“…Although large-bodied species occupy the Delta primarily during the spawning season, a universal increase in relative abundance suggests movement into the Delta, where floodplain inundation likely facilitated reproduction (Gerking 1950;Trepanier et al 1996;Bice et al 2014). Consistent relative abundance of small-bodied species is predictable because the Delta contains interspersed fluvial and slackwater habitats favorable for spawning, foraging, and refuge from predators (Kaemingk et al 2007;Schreck 2010). In other floodplain rivers, floods may decrease small-bodied fish abundance by restructuring and reducing macrophyte cover (Bice et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During each season, 10-minute EF runs were performed at each of 12 standardized locations representing different habitats (i.e., braided side channels, backwaters, embayments). Pre-flood data were obtained from previous studies in the Delta, including 2005 data (Kaemingk et al 2007) and 2008À2009 data (Schreck 2010). Post-flood data were collected for this study.…”

Section: Fish Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Main channel width and the largest backwater area were measured along each transect. In addition, side channels, backwaters, and sandbars were enumerated because Delta fishes use these habitats for spawning, rearing, and foraging (Kaemingk et al 2007;Spindler et al 2009Spindler et al , 2012. Assessing the effects of the flood on these habitats may provide insight for understanding fish community trends.…”

Section: Aquatic Habitat Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deltas contain warm, turbid water and manifold habitats (e.g., side channels, backwaters, embayments) that simulate shallow-water environments of the historic riverscape (Graeb et al 2009). In turn, habitat complexity increases fish abundance and diversity in deltas compared to riverine or reservoir environments (Kaemingk et al 2007;Spindler et al 2009Spindler et al , 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of historic flooding on fishes and aquatic habitats in a Missouri River delta

Carlson

Fincel²,

Longhenry³

et al. 2016

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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Understanding the effects of disturbances on aquatic biota is important for management of the world's rivers. Riverine deltas are among the most biologically productive ecosystems, yet the ecological effects of floods in deltas are poorly understood. Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine impacts of an historic flood in the Missouri River basin in 2011 on fishes and aquatic habitats in the Lewis and Clark Delta, located in South Dakota and Nebraska, USA. Fish community structural indices declined in the six years preceding the flood, with species richness and diversity (Fisher's a) decreasing from 25 to 22 and 4.56 to 3.48, respectively. However, the fish community exhibited short-term resistance to the flood as both metrics were similar to pre-flood levels after the disturbance in 2012. Evenness (J 0 ) declined from 0.88 to 0.73 before the flood but increased to 0.84 after the disturbance. The majority of species exhibited greater relative abundance after the flood regardless of age class (i.e., juvenile, adult), morphology (i.e., small-bodied, large-bodied), introduction history (i.e., introduced, native), or recreational importance (i.e., sport fish, non-recreational). However, the flood reduced relative abundance of juvenile freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) and white crappie (Pomoxis annularis) and did not affect the three small-bodied species that were studied, including emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides), red shiner (Cyprinella lutrensis), and spotfin shiner (Cyprinella spiloptera). The flood decreased side channel and backwater frequency and width/area but increased sandbar abundance. Physical alterations evidently had minimal effects on structural indices of the fish community. However, an overall increase in relative abundance across species suggests that interspersed fluvial and slackwater habitats in the delta provided refuge from floodwaters during the disturbance. Maintaining habitat connectivity in deltas during and after floods is particularly important for fisheries conservation. Illustrating the ecological effects and implications of a major flood, this study contributes to the nascent field of delta ecology.

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Expansion of woody vegetation on a Missouri River reservoir delta‐backwater

et al. 2021

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Construction of dams in the mid‐20th century reduced channel dynamism, sediment transport, and regeneration of riparian trees on the Missouri River. Opportunities for forest regeneration, however, may occur where the Missouri River or tributaries deposit sediments in reservoir headwaters, forming deltaic and associated upstream backwater areas. One such delta‐backwater occurs at the confluence of the Niobrara and Missouri rivers upstream from Lewis and Clark Lake in southeastern South Dakota and northeastern Nebraska. We investigated spatiotemporal patterns of tree recruitment through vegetation sampling in 2017–2018, dendrochronology, and analysis of aerial photography from 2006 to 2016. We sampled woody vegetation in 47 plots and took tree‐ring samples from one to two trees within each plot to determine establishment dates. Woody vegetation was dominated by Populus deltoides (cottonwood) and Salix amygdaloides (peachleaf willow) in the tree layer and Salix interior (sandbar willow) in the shrub layer. Tree establishment occurred primarily in 2010–2012 and was distributed throughout the study area, including at the delta‐reservoir interface. LiDAR data showed that most of the delta‐backwater experienced a 0.5‐m increase in elevation in 2005–2011, a period that included high flows in 2010 on the Niobrara River and 2011 on the Missouri River. Woody vegetation decreased 8% from 2006 to 2012, but doubled from 2012 to 2016, colonizing areas of previous sandbar and herbaceous vegetation. These woodlands represent early successional habitat that is in decline elsewhere along the river. Understanding vegetation dynamics within reservoir delta‐backwaters may be vital for forecasting changes in regulated riverine landscapes, assessing biodiversity values of these ecosystems, and informing sustainable reservoir management.

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Patterns of fish diversity in a mainstem Missouri River reservoir and associated delta in South Dakota and Nebraska, USA

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Fish diversity and assemblage structure in Ken River of Panna landscape, central India

Fish diversity and assemblage structure in Ken River of Panna landscape, central India

Effects of historic flooding on fishes and aquatic habitats in a Missouri River delta

Expansion of woody vegetation on a Missouri River reservoir delta‐backwater

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