Patterns of Flowering and Seed Production in Eucalyptus miniata and E. tetrodonta in a Tropical Savanna Woodland, Northern Australia

Setterfield, Samantha A.; Williams, R. J.

doi:10.1071/bt9960107

Cited by 51 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…Tree condition, as well as many other weather and habitat variables, can alter Eucalyptus reproduction (Setterfield and Williams 1996;Law et al 2000;Birtchnell and Gibson 2006;Semple et al 2007). We have 485…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living (and reproducing) on the edge: reproductive phenology is impacted by rainfall and canopy decline in a Mediterranean eucalypt

et al. 2016

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Many of the worlds' forests and woodlands are currently showing symptoms of declining condition due to a range of factors, including changing climatic conditions, drought, and insect herbivory. Altered abiotic and 25 biotic conditions can influence the condition of trees which can, in turn, affect tree reproductive cycles.However, the potential impact of tree decline on reproductive cycles has rarely been examined. This study investigated the influence of canopy condition on the reproductive cycle of Eucalyptus wandoo in southwestern Australia. Canopy and seed trap monitoring were used to assess bud production, flowering, fruiting and seed fall over 12 months at 24 sites across two locations (Dryandra Woodland and Wandoo 30 Conservation Park). Time since last fire, rainfall, ambient temperatures and the condition of individual trees were recorded. We found that bud production, flowering and fruiting was correlated with tree condition:healthier trees were generally associated with higher reproductive effort. Time since last fire was also strongly related to the reproductive efforts at both locations. Declining annual rainfall and increased temperatures also an impact on reproduction, made evident by the aborted flowering in Dryandra Woodland. 35Decline in tree condition, coupled with changes in climate, have major implications for flowering phenology of this species and have the potential to alter reproductive effort, recruitment, and future population dynamics. Consideration of these issues should be incorporated into the conservation management of E.wandoo and similar Eucalypt species. 40

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living (and reproducing) on the edge: reproductive phenology is impacted by rainfall and canopy decline in a Mediterranean eucalypt

et al. 2016

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“…Despite the continuation of photosynthesis by evergreen species during the dry season, albeit at reduced rates compared to the wet season, carbon assimilated is apparently not utilised for shoot growth or significant leaf production. Below-ground storage, especially in lignotubers, and dry season flowering and fruiting (Setterfield and Williams 1996) is likely to be a significant sink for this carbon. Mucha (1979) observed a similar confinement of stem increment in E. tetrodonta to the wet season, with growth increment of 3 mm per month occurring during January and February, higher than rates of increment observed in this study.…”

Section: Savanna Carbon Stocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon balance of a tropical savanna of northern Australia

2003

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Through estimations of above- and below-ground standing biomass, annual biomass increment, fine root production and turnover, litterfall, canopy respiration and total soil CO(2) efflux, a carbon balance on seasonal and yearly time-scales is developed for a Eucalypt open-forest savanna in northern Australia. This carbon balance is compared to estimates of carbon fluxes derived from eddy covariance measurements conducted at the same site. The total carbon (C) stock of the savanna was 204+/-53 ton C ha(-1), with approximately 84% below-ground and 16% above-ground. Soil organic carbon content (0-1 m) was 151+/-33 ton C ha(-1), accounting for about 74% of the total carbon content in the ecosystem. Vegetation biomass was 53+/-20 ton C ha(-1), 39% of which was found in the root component and 61% in above-ground components (trees, shrubs, grasses). Annual gross primary production was 20.8 ton C ha(-1), of which 27% occurred in above-ground components and 73% below-ground components. Net primary production was 11 ton C ha(-1) year(-1), of which 8.0 ton C ha(-1) (73%) was contributed by below-ground net primary production and 3.0 ton C ha(-1) (27%) by above-ground net primary production. Annual soil carbon efflux was 14.3 ton C ha(-1) year(-1). Approximately three-quarters of the carbon flux (above-ground, below-ground and total ecosystem) occur during the 5-6 months of the wet season. This savanna site is a carbon sink during the wet season, but becomes a weak source during the dry season. Annual net ecosystem production was 3.8 ton C ha(-1) year(-1).

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“…Unfortunately, however, this understanding within eucalypts is, especially for long-term (>20 years) flowering patterns, relatively scant, due to a paucity of data [30]. With some exceptions [2,34,39], most studies on eucalypt flowering have been undertaken over a short frame (1-3 years), of one species and/or within one area [3,17,44,58]. This is often reflective of the amount of funding available and/or government policy and management decisions [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of long-term flowering patterns of Box–Ironbark species in Havelock and Rushworth forests

Keatley

Hudson

2007

Environ Model Assess

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Long-term records were used to compare the flowering of Eucalyptus microcarpa, E. melliodora, E. leucoxylon, E. polyanthemos and E. tricarpa between Havelock Forest (1940-1971) and Rushworth District (1945-1970. Indices were developed and used to compare the mean monthly annual flowering patterns (e.g., mean duration, annual flowering success) between the two locations. Additionally, the long-term flowering pattern of each species between 1945 and 1970 was examined for concordance. Results of the analysis suggest that despite the similarity of species composition there are differences in flowering behaviour. Flowering always commences and peaks at Rushworth prior to Havelock. The earlier commencement is influenced by Rushworth's slightly warmer climate. There are also similarities. Only the flowering duration for E. melliodora was significantly different (P < 0.001). The annual flowering success (defined as the proportion of years when flowering occurred) was similar between both sites, except for E. polyanthemos, which had more reliable flowering at Havelock, flowering on average in 9 out of 10 years (compared to 7 out of 10 for Rushworth). E. tricarpa, E. leucoxylon and E. microcarpa were identified as concordant species, and E. polyanthemos and E. melliodora as discordant. The combination of results (indices and concordancy) suggests that three species (E. tricarpa, E. leucoxylon and E. microcarpa) occupy a similar temporal niche at the different sites (i.e., they flower contemporaneously), whilst the remaining two (E. polyanthemos and E. melliodora) species do not. The results provide a useful baseline description of the flowering behaviour of two important Box-Ironbark forest sites in Victoria, and may assist in understanding the migration of nectar-dependent species at the landscape scale.

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Patterns of Flowering and Seed Production in Eucalyptus miniata and E. tetrodonta in a Tropical Savanna Woodland, Northern Australia

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

Living (and reproducing) on the edge: reproductive phenology is impacted by rainfall and canopy decline in a Mediterranean eucalypt

Living (and reproducing) on the edge: reproductive phenology is impacted by rainfall and canopy decline in a Mediterranean eucalypt

Carbon balance of a tropical savanna of northern Australia

A comparison of long-term flowering patterns of Box–Ironbark species in Havelock and Rushworth forests

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