Patterns of genetic variation within and among populations in Arbutus unedo and its relation with selection and evolvability

Santiso, Xabier; López, Lúa; Gilbert, Kimberly J.; Barreiro, Rodolfo; Whitlock, Michael C.; Retuerto, Rubén

doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2015.02.006

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Despite the ubiquity and eco‐evolutionary implications of P × E , a considerable proportion of studies (>20%) were performed in only one test environment, which prevents its calculation (e.g., Alberto et al, ; Hernandez‐Serrano et al, ; Sebastian‐Azcona, Hacke, & Hamann, ). For instance, only one test environment is used in most studies using F ST – Q ST comparisons (e.g., Frank, Sperisen, et al, ; Hernandez‐Serrano et al, ; Santiso et al, ); Q ST measures population differentiation in functional traits, and may be compared to F ST , a metric widely used to measure population differentiation in neutral molecular markers. Their comparison informs on the role of divergent natural selection in the functional differentiation of populations (see Merilä & Crnokrak ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review and meta‐analysis of intraspecific differences in phenotypic plasticity: Implications to forecast plant responses to climate change

Matesanz

Ramírez‐Valiente²

2019

Global Ecol Biogeogr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim Many studies use differences among plant populations to infer future plant responses, but these predictions will provide meaningful insights only if patterns of plasticity among populations are similar (i.e., in the absence of population‐by‐environment interaction, P × E). In this study, we tested whether P × E is considered in climate change studies. Specifically, we evaluated whether population differentiation varies across environments and whether P × E is determined by aspects of the study system and experimental design. Location Global. Methods We conducted a literature search in the Thomson Reuters Web of Science database to identify studies assessing population differentiation in a climate change context. We quantified the occurrence of P × E and performed a meta‐analysis to calculate the percentage of traits showing P × E in the study cases. Results We identified 309 study cases (from 237 published articles) assessing population differentiation in 172 plant species, of which 64% included more than one test environment and tested P × E. In 77% of these studies, P × E was significant for at least one functional trait. The overall proportion of traits showing P × E was 33.4% (95% confidence interval 27.7–39.3). These results were generally consistent across life‐forms, ecoregions and type of experiment. Furthermore, population differentiation varied across test environments in 76% of cases. The overall proportion of traits showing environment‐dependent population differentiation was 53.7% (95% confidence interval 37.9–69.3). Conclusions Our findings revealed that differences in phenotypic plasticity among populations are common but are usually neglected in order to forecast population responses to climate change. Future studies should assess population differentiation in many test environments (accounting for P × E) that realistically reflect future environmental conditions, assessing climate change drivers that are rarely considered (e.g., multifactor experiments incorporating higher CO2 levels). Our review also revealed the predominant focus of population studies on trees from temperate climates, identifying underexplored life‐forms (shrubs, annuals), phylogenetic groups (ferns, ancient gymnosperms) and ecoregions (tropical, arctic) that should receive more attention in future.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review and meta‐analysis of intraspecific differences in phenotypic plasticity: Implications to forecast plant responses to climate change

Matesanz

Ramírez‐Valiente²

2019

Global Ecol Biogeogr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The additive genetic variance (

σ_{A}^{2}

) was estimated as 4 ×

σ_{f}^{2}

, as we assumed that each offspring of a dam (maternal plant) has a different sire (pollen donor). If multiple ovules from the same plant were pollinated by the same pollen donor, then the relatedness of the offspring (replicate siblings from a given family) from the same plant would be greater than is assumed here, and the estimates of additive genetic variance would be upwardly biased (Falconer and Mackay, 1996; Santiso et al, 2015). Ninety-five percentage confidence intervals for the heritability estimates were computed using a bootstrapping approach with 1000 simulations, using the function “bootMer” in package lme4.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…We also calculated the coefficient of genetic variation (CVA) as √

σ_{A}^{2}

divided by the trait mean (Houle, 1992), for traits with values only at one side of zero. This parameter provides a measure of genetic variation standardized by the mean, allowing to qualitatively comparing genetic variation among different traits (e.g., Agrawal et al, 2008; Santiso et al, 2015). Finally, to provide an index of genetically based variance, we additionally examined the proportion of phenotypic variance attributed to differences among families, as

σ_{f}^{2}

σ_{ph}^{2}

, and to differences among populations, as

σ_{p}^{2}

σ_{ph}^{2}

[see (Facon et al, 2008; Matesanz et al, 2014) for other studies using these metrics as estimates of genetic variation].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat Fragmentation Differentially Affects Genetic Variation, Phenotypic Plasticity and Survival in Populations of a Gypsum Endemic

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Habitat fragmentation, i.e., fragment size and isolation, can differentially alter patterns of neutral and quantitative genetic variation, fitness and phenotypic plasticity of plant populations, but their effects have rarely been tested simultaneously. We assessed the combined effects of size and connectivity on these aspects of genetic and phenotypic variation in populations of Centaurea hyssopifolia, a narrow endemic gypsophile that previously showed performance differences associated with fragmentation. We grew 111 maternal families sampled from 10 populations that differed in their fragment size and connectivity in a common garden, and characterized quantitative genetic variation, phenotypic plasticity to drought for key functional traits, and plant survival, as a measure of population fitness. We also assessed neutral genetic variation within and among populations using eight microsatellite markers. Although C. hyssopifolia is a narrow endemic gypsophile, we found substantial neutral genetic variation and quantitative variation for key functional traits. The partition of genetic variance indicated that a higher proportion of variation was found within populations, which is also consistent with low population differentiation in molecular markers, functional traits and their plasticity. This, combined with the generally small effect of habitat fragmentation suggests that gene flow among populations is not restricted, despite large differences in fragment size and isolation. Importantly, population’s similarities in genetic variation and plasticity did not reflect the lower survival observed in isolated populations. Overall, our results indicate that, although the species consists of genetically variable populations able to express functional plasticity, such aspects of adaptive potential may not always reflect populations’ survival. Given the differential effects of habitat connectivity on functional traits, genetic variation and fitness, our study highlights the need to shift the focus of fragmentation studies to the mechanisms that regulate connectivity effects, and call for caution on the use of genetic variation and plasticity to forecast population performance.

show abstract

“…All these techniques would be very useful tools for breeding programs involving Arbutus species or for developing effective conservation strategies. Santiso et al (2015) reported that A. unedo maintains the ability to evolve despite low genetic differentiation and stabilizing selection. The present study, proposing appropriate morphological characteristics in combination with selected molecular markers for distinguish individuals of three Arbutus species, is a step in achieving these goals for Arbutus spp.…”

Section: Molecular Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric and Molecular Analysis of the Three Arbutus Species of Greece

Bertsouklis

Papafotiou

2016

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Arbutus andrachne, A. unedo and A. × andrachnoides found in the Greek macchia are promising species for reforestations, ornamental use, as well as for medicinal use and the food industry. Μorphological traits and molecular markers (RAPD) were used to identify and distinguish these Arbutus species to facilitate their exploitation. Since there are no descriptors established for Arbutus spp., 23 qualitative morphological characteristics of crown, foliage, bark, flowering, fruiting, and four quantitative morphological characteristics of leaf and fruit were selected and used to define differences and similarities between sampled individuals of A. andrachne, A. unedo and individuals with intermediate characteristics sampled as A. × andrachnoides. Twenty eight individuals representative of three Arbutus taxa were sampled in two typical macchia forest areas of the prefecture of Attica, Greece. Cluster analysis based on morphological characteristics separated the individuals in three distinct groups, and this was confirmed by molecular analysis. Τhe intermediate form was indicated as A. × andrachnoides, a natural hybrid of A. andrachne and A. unedo. Fifteen 10-mer oligonucleotide arbitrary primers used to amplify genomic DNA generated 166 reproducible polymorphic fragments, which revealed that A. × andrachnoides has higher degree of genetic similarity with A. andrachne than A. unedo. The applied morphometric characteristics are suggested as a basis to develop a complete list of discriminating descriptors for Arbutus genus.

show abstract

Patterns of genetic variation within and among populations in Arbutus unedo and its relation with selection and evolvability

Cited by 18 publications

References 48 publications

A review and meta‐analysis of intraspecific differences in phenotypic plasticity: Implications to forecast plant responses to climate change

A review and meta‐analysis of intraspecific differences in phenotypic plasticity: Implications to forecast plant responses to climate change

Habitat Fragmentation Differentially Affects Genetic Variation, Phenotypic Plasticity and Survival in Populations of a Gypsum Endemic

Morphometric and Molecular Analysis of the Three Arbutus Species of Greece

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About