“…Patel and Vega, 1999). More significantly, there has been a shift from believing that asset-exploiting motives were dominant to acknowledging the role of assetaugmenting motives.…”
Section: Driving Factors and Main Impacts Of The Internationalizationmentioning
Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte.
“…Patel and Vega, 1999). More significantly, there has been a shift from believing that asset-exploiting motives were dominant to acknowledging the role of assetaugmenting motives.…”
Section: Driving Factors and Main Impacts Of The Internationalizationmentioning
Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte.
“…First, although the literature tends to assume that inventors work in their country of residence (cf. Almeida and Phene, 2004;Cantwell and Piscitello, 2000;Frost, 2001;Guellec and van Pottelsberghe de la Potterie, 2001;Le Bas and Sierra, 2002;Patel and Vega, 1999;Zander, 1999), this is not always the case. For example, many people live and work in different countries.…”
Section: What Characterizes 'International' Randd?mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is also the most widely used principle (OECD, 2004). It presumably indicates the location of the technological or inventive activity underlying the patent (Cantwell and Piscitello, 2000;Le Bas and Sierra, 2002;Patel and Vega, 1999;Zander, 1999).…”
Section: The Assignment Of Cross-country Patents To Countriesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is, thus, not surprising either that there is a large number of scientific studies of this process, or that several of these studies have found evidence of an increasing internationalization of technological activity (primarily R&D) by multinational corporations (MNCs) (cf. Archibugi and Coco, 2001;Gassman and von Zedtwitz, 1999;Gerybadze and Reger, 1999;OECD, 2004;Patel, 1995;Patel and Vega, 1999).…”
Based on the critical case of ABB, this paper questions the relevance of using patents with multiple inventors from different countries ("cross-country patents") as an indicator of international R&D collaboration. The study shows that less than half of ABB's cross-country patents are the result of international R&D collaboration as described by one of the more inclusive definitions found in previous literature. Only a third of the patents are the result of joint R&D activities between different MNC subsidiaries or firms. We also discuss the implications of our study for the assignment of patents to countries based on inventor addresses.
“…They demonstrate the relevance of this type of foreign R&D and/or compare the importance of knowledge-seeking strategies with those reflecting market-seeking motives [see, e.g. Cantwell (1995), Florida (1997), Kuemmerle (1999), Patel andVega (1999), Frost (2001), Le Bas and Sierra (2002)]. In these studies, the two types of foreign R&D are discussed under the heading of "asset-exploiting" (homebase-exploiting, competence-exploiting) strategies versus "asset-augmenting" (home-base augmenting, competence-creating) strategies.…”
Section: Motives For Investing In Randd At Foreign Locationsmentioning
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