Patterns of land snail diversity over a gradient of habitat degradation: a comparison of three Czech cities

Horsák, Michal; Juříčková, Lucie; Kintrová, Kateřina; Hájek, Ondřej

doi:10.1007/s10531-009-9654-y

Cited by 34 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…), consistent with similar studies in an urban environment (e.g., Horsák, Juřičková, Kintrová, & Hájek, 2009;Lososová et al, 2011Lososová et al, , 2012aLososová et al, , 2012bClergeau, Tapko, & Fontaine, 2011). Where possible, we sampled the top layer of soil with a sieve to capture small species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

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Effects of Urbanism on Malacofauna (Nitra)

Holienková

Krumpálová

2016

CBUP

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Abstract:Recently, the number of alien landscape species has dramatically increased, and this could be a serious threat, not only for native species but also in cases of outbreaks for farmers. Our objective was to examine the impact of the urban environment (positive or negative) on the diversity of native species; forecast biotic homogenization or diversification of urban fauna; and determine the extent to which each of the zones are affected by invasive species. To examine the effect of urbanization, we selected 16 areas ( across three urban zones and one zone in the protected area for comparison) for this study in 2015 in Nitra. We found that snails in open locations had significantly greater species diversity and abundance of individuals than in closed locations. Slightly degraded areas had the most abundant snail species, but areas heavily disturbed had high species diversity and incidence of individuals. It appears that heavily disturbed areas are suitable as new types of refuge for snails, e.g., for Helix lucorum (Linnaeus, 1758), which was recorded in Slovakia for the first time (numerically recorded at the railway station) in 2014. UDC Classification: 591, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v4.766

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The methodology was partly taken from the work of Horsák et al (2009), which takes into account harvesting from locations slightly disturbed by humans.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Urbanism on Malacofauna (Nitra)

Holienková

Krumpálová

2016

CBUP

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“…Molluscs, especially land snails, are known to experience the highest proportion of extinctions among the major taxonomical groups of animals [22], while many non-native and pest species have been introduced to various regions (see 23 for Europe). Although there are rather good data on urban land-snail faunas, especially in Europe (see 24 for review [25]), no study has explored the effect of non-native snails on the homogenization or diversification of snail communities in cities. No comparison has been made across urban habitat types and with no attempt to assess which habitat types support a larger diversity of native or non-native species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Biotic Homogenization of Urban Land-Snail Faunas in Relation to Habitat Types and Macroclimate in 32 Central European Cities

et al. 2013

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The effects of non-native species invasions on community diversity and biotic homogenization have been described for various taxa in urban environments, but not for land snails. Here we relate the diversity of native and non-native land-snail urban faunas to urban habitat types and macroclimate, and analyse homogenization effects of non-native species across cities and within the main urban habitat types. Land-snail species were recorded in seven 1-ha plots in 32 cities of ten countries of Central Europe and Benelux (224 plots in total). Each plot represented one urban habitat type characterized by different management and a specific disturbance regime. For each plot, we obtained January, July and mean annual temperature and annual precipitation. Snail species were classified into either native or non-native. The effects of habitat type and macroclimate on the number of native and non-native species were analysed using generalized estimating equations; the homogenization effect of non-native species based on the Jaccard similarity index and homogenization index. We recorded 67 native and 20 non-native species. Besides being more numerous, native species also had much higher beta diversity than non-natives. There were significant differences between the studied habitat types in the numbers of native and non-native species, both of which decreased from less to heavily urbanized habitats. Macroclimate was more important for the number of non-native than native species; however in both cases the effect of climate on diversity was overridden by the effect of urban habitat type. This is the first study on urban land snails documenting that non-native land-snail species significantly contribute to homogenization among whole cities, but both the homogenization and diversification effects occur when individual habitat types are compared among cities. This indicates that the spread of non-native snail species may cause biotic homogenization, but it depends on scale and habitat type.

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“…In this study, the terms synanthropic and anthropophobic species are employed. Synanthropic refers to species that are present in urbanized sites whereas anthropophobic refers to species absent from urban sites (e.g., Horsak et al 2009). …”

Section: Sampling Protocol and Studied Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic effect recorded in the live-dead compositional fidelity of land snail assemblages from San Salvador Island, Bahamas

Yanes

2012

Biodivers Conserv

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Terrestrial malacofaunas that inhabit islands are vulnerable to human activities. Habitat destruction, introduction of exotic species, predators, etc. are distorting the composition and distribution of indigenous snail communities. Specifically, the taxonomic discordance between live and dead assemblages may be the consequence of anthropogenic disturbances rather than natural post-mortem processes. Live-dead fidelity may hence reflect the degree of human alteration in a given locality. This approach was used to study the relative abundance of live and dead land snails from pristine and urbanized localities around San Salvador Island (Bahamas). Thirteen species were encountered from 64 samples containing 5,343 specimens. Taxonomic composition was significantly different between areas of negligible anthropogenic disturbance and those impacted by humans. Although which species of land snails are endemic to San Salvador is unknown, all identified species are native to the Caribbean region and invasive species were not encountered. However, some synanthropic species, found exclusively in urban-developed areas, have not been recovered from the local fossil record, pointing to their relatively recent introduction possibly from nearby islands. Non-metric MDS, Jaccard-Chao index, and Spearman correlation analyses indicated that dead assemblages displayed a good compositional correspondence to live communities at pristine sites, whereas considerable disparity was sometimes observed at human-modified areas. Urbanized areas probably favored the proliferation of synanthropic species whereas dead assemblages may contain anthropophobic taxa that lived there prior to recent human modification. These findings are consistent with previous live-dead fidelity studies of marine molluscan and terrestrial small-mammal assemblages, and suggest that the taxonomic discordance between live and dead assemblages of land snails may be indicative of recent anthropogenic alteration.

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Patterns of land snail diversity over a gradient of habitat degradation: a comparison of three Czech cities

Cited by 34 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of Urbanism on Malacofauna (Nitra)

Effects of Urbanism on Malacofauna (Nitra)

Diversity and Biotic Homogenization of Urban Land-Snail Faunas in Relation to Habitat Types and Macroclimate in 32 Central European Cities

Anthropogenic effect recorded in the live-dead compositional fidelity of land snail assemblages from San Salvador Island, Bahamas

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