Patterns of livestock depredation and Human–wildlife conflict in Misgar valley of Hunza, Pakistan

Bano, Rubina; Khan, Akhtar S.; Mehmood, Tahir; Abbas, Saeed; Khan, Muhammad Zafar; Shedayi, Arshad Ali; Zaman, Sher; Nawaz, Muhammad Ali

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02205-2

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similar findings have been revealed by previous studies in Annapurna (Nepal) and Tibet (China), where livestock depredation was the highest in winter season (Farrington & Tsering, 2019;Oli et al, 1994). Similarly, a study in the Misgar valley (lying in the northwest of KVO) revealed higher depredation during winter season (Bano et al, 2021).…”

Section: Spatio-seasonal Trends and Impact Of Hwcssupporting

confidence: 90%

Spatial and seasonal variation of livestock depredation by large carnivores in the Pamir Mountains of northern Pakistan

Rashid,

Shi,

Rahim

et al. 2023

Conservat Sci and Prac

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The livestock depredation by large carnivores is a main cause for increasing human-wildlife conflicts (HWCs) and is one of the prime challenges for carnivore's conservation and a major economic concern to livestockdependent communities around wildlife habitats. Thus, understanding the patterns and trends of livestock depredation may contribute to better understanding of the mechanisms underlying HWCs and to mitigating HWCs. HWCs characterized by livestock depredation by large carnivores are prevalent in northern Pakistan, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly investigated. This study was conducted in 2018 in the Khunjerab Valley and Shimshal Valley of the Pamir region to evaluate the spatial and seasonal variation and impact of livestock depredation by carnivores. Data were collected on livestock depredation and its associated economic impact through semi-structured interviews of randomly selected households in the two valleys. The livestock in Shimshal Valley was more susceptible to large carnivores' depredation (233 heads per year) than in Khunjerab Valley (125 heads per year). This spatial variation in livestock depredation was reflective of the difference in the socio-economic conditions and physical locations between the two valleys. More livestock depredation took place in winter in Khunjerab Valley, while more livestock depredation occurred in summer in Shimshal Valley, mainly because of different grazing systems in the two valleys. The total economic loss incurred due to large carnivores'

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Section: Spatio-seasonal Trends and Impact Of Hwcssupporting

confidence: 90%

Spatial and seasonal variation of livestock depredation by large carnivores in the Pamir Mountains of northern Pakistan

Rashid,

Shi,

Rahim

et al. 2023

Conservat Sci and Prac

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“…Statistical analysis was conducted to identify the key factors influencing people's perceptions of carnivores in the study area. Utilizing a binomial logistic model (File S1) [38], we examined the data related to human-wildlife conflict. This analysis allowed us to evaluate impact of social factors including education, occupation, economic losses due to depredation, total livestock count, and instances of livestock depredation by the carnivorous predators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock Depredation by Large Carnivores and Human–Wildlife Conflict in Two Districts of Balochistan Province, Pakistan

Ullah,

Basheer,

Rehman

et al. 2024

Animals

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Livestock herding is a vital practice in Balochistan, contributing to the economy and culture. The livestock sector is significant in Balochistan, providing 20% of the national stock. Large predators and their prey species, including livestock, have coexisted in these mountainous landscapes for centuries. The aim of the present research is to investigate the impacts of livestock depredation by large predators on livelihoods and predator conservation in two districts of Balochistan, Pakistan. A human–carnivore conflict survey was conducted from July to September 2019, collecting data from 311 residents in a selected study area. Large predators in the study area preyed on a total of 876 livestock during a one-year period, including 560 goats, 292 sheep, 19 cows, and 5 donkeys. The gray wolf is the leading predator, responsible for 66.3% of livestock depredation, followed by the caracal (24.3%), Asiatic jackal (8.9%), and striped hyena (0.6%). The total economic loss was USD 78,694. Overall, 80% of respondents had a negative perception of wolves compared to 24.4% for caracals. Only 20.6% of respondents knew about the importance of conserving carnivores. Livestock depredation by carnivores in the study area created a negative perception of these animals among people. There is a lack of awareness about the importance of conserving carnivore species and their role in the ecosystem. This lack of understanding has ultimately led to detrimental effects on predator populations. It is imperative to raise awareness among people about the ecological significance of carnivores through community meetings, seminars in educational institutions, and providing basic education to herders about effective livestock guarding practices.

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“…The boundaries between human settlements and wildlife habitats are becoming increasingly blurred, exacerbating human–wildlife conflict. Such conflicts often result in loss of livestock and property, personal injury, disease transmission, and road accidents, among other direct consequences (Ango et al 2017, Bano et al 2021, Barroso et al 2021, Dupuis‐Desormeaux et al 2023). These conflicts also have indirect effects that are difficult to quantify, such as reductions in psychological well‐being in society and effects on livelihoods and food security (Yang et al 2020, Leivers et al 2023).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat suitability and crop damage risk caused by wild boar in Guizhou Plateau, China

Yang,

Peng,

Yang

et al. 2024

J Wildl Manag

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Crop damage caused by wild boar (Sus scrofa) in many agroforestry regions of the world has affected agricultural development and farmers' livelihoods. Understanding the patterns of wild boar crop damage is important for properly managing these conflicts, and can improve the effectiveness of existing prevention strategies. We collected a comprehensive dataset from Guizhou Province, China, from 2017 to 2020, obtained from motion‐sensitive camera monitoring, transect surveys, interview surveys, and wildlife management administrations. These data include 3,156 records of wild boar activity in natural areas and 576 records of crop damage. We applied a multi‐scale MaxEnt model to map the regional distribution of wild boar habitat suitability and crop damage risk in Guizhou Province and focused on the role of habitat suitability in wild boar crop damage from a regional perspective. Wild boar habitat suitability exhibits a divergent pattern, expanding from the central area of Guizhou Province to the eastern, northern, southern, and northwestern regions, with a gradually increasing trend. Suitability of habitat for wild boar was associated with composite topographic index, mean coldest season temperature, isothermality, Shannon diversity index, edge density, and distance to village roads. Similarly, crop damage caused by wild boars in agroforestry areas is mainly concentrated in the northeast, with the risk increasing from west to east. The risk of damage was associated with temperature seasonality, roughness, distance to village roads, precipitation in the warmest quarter, edge density, and contagion index. Furthermore, in agroforestry areas, there is a positive correlation between wild boar habitat suitability and crop damage risk, with Spearman rank correlation coefficients ranging from 0.5759 to 0.5932. This correlation is not perfectly synchronized on a regional scale. This study indicates that the relationship between habitat suitability and crop damage caused by wild boar in Guizhou Province is primarily influenced by changes in population size rather than the habitat. Consequently, we emphasize the importance of controlling wild boar populations through hunting as a way to effectively reduce the risk of crop damage in agroforestry areas, without neglecting the need for proper habitat management.

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Patterns of livestock depredation and Human–wildlife conflict in Misgar valley of Hunza, Pakistan

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Spatial and seasonal variation of livestock depredation by large carnivores in the Pamir Mountains of northern Pakistan

Spatial and seasonal variation of livestock depredation by large carnivores in the Pamir Mountains of northern Pakistan

Livestock Depredation by Large Carnivores and Human–Wildlife Conflict in Two Districts of Balochistan Province, Pakistan

Habitat suitability and crop damage risk caused by wild boar in Guizhou Plateau, China

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