Patterns of nearshore sediment transport along the Nile Delta, Egypt

Frihy, Omran E.; Fanos, A.M.; Khafagy, A. A.; Komar, Paul D.

doi:10.1016/0378-3839(91)90021-8

Cited by 78 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Two nodal points are located at 5 and 5 km, west and east of the river mouth, respectively. The sand movement to the west along the shoreline of Abu Qir Bay and to the east along the eastern flank of the promontory has been analyzed in detail by Frihy et al (1991) and Frihy and Lotfy (1994). This transport divergence is induced from the effect of high (Quelennec and Manohar 1977).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the Rosetta promontory, the general pattern along this sector has been locally affected by the construction of the shore-parallel breakwaters and groins system. The patterns of erosion versus accretion revealed by analyses of the image-data time series correspond for the most part to the three sub-cells defined by Frihy et al (1991), Fig. 1b.…”

Section: Profile Numbermentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The full length of the Nile delta was divided into fivecells representing discrete sedimentation compartments, with each recording a complete cycle of sand source, littoral transport, and deposition (Frihy et al 1991). The principal sources of sediment for each littoral sub-cell are the eroded promontories and headlands that supply large quantities of sand to the coast.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre- and post-beach response to engineering hard structures using Landsat time-series at the northwestern part of the Nile delta, Egypt

Dewidar

Frihy²

2007

J Coast Conserv

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Analyses have been undertaken to examine shoreline positions established from remote sensing data along the northwestern part of the Nile delta from the Abu Qir Bay to Gamasa embayment (∼143 km length). The image data used (MSS, TM and ETM+ sensors) are acquired at unequal intervals between 1972 and 2006, i.e., covering a time span of 34 years. Automated waterline positions extracted from Landsat satellite images during this period of time were computer generated. A digital shoreline analysis software was used to calculate the annual rate of beach changes at 1,432 cross-shore transects prior to (1972)(1973)(1974)(1975)(1976)(1977)(1978)(1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990) and after protection (1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006). On comparison, rates estimated from three statistical approaches (the end point rate, the Jackknife and a weighted linear regression) at corresponding positions are successfully validated with those measured from ground survey. Before protection, results reveal longshore patterns wherein erosion along a coastal stretch gives way to accretion in an adjacent stretch, refining the sub-cells previously identified within the littoral system of the delta. Maximum shoreline retreat occurs along the Rosetta promontory (−138.52 m/ year) and along the central bulge of the delta at Burullus headland (−6.07 m/year). In contrast areas of shoreline accretion exist within saddles or embayments between the promontories at west Abu Qir Bay (20.04 m/year), Abu Khashaba saddle (16.17 m/year) and Gamasa embayment (20.68 m/year). These rates of changes have been significantly altered by the construction of intensive shoreline protective structures built from 1990 to combat areas of rapid erosion at both the Rosetta promontory and BurullusBaltim headland, ∼15-km length in total.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Profile Numbermentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre- and post-beach response to engineering hard structures using Landsat time-series at the northwestern part of the Nile delta, Egypt

Dewidar

Frihy²

2007

J Coast Conserv

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“…In view of the large-scale sedimentation pattern of the Sinai coast, the study area lies within the Bardawil subcell. Frihy et al (1991) and Frihy and Lotfy (1997) have identified a series of self-contained subcells along the nearshore zone of the Nile delta and Sinai coast, based on the general erosion/ accretion patterns, wave refraction pattern, as well as multiple geomorphologic and petrologic indicators. These subcells are part of the regional Nile littoral cells extending from Alexandria to Akko in the northern part of Haifa Bay, Israel (Inman and Jenkins 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of El Arish power plant on the Mediterranean coast of Sinai, Egypt

Frihy¹,

Badr²,

Selim³

et al. 2002

Environmental Geology

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A monitoring program was undertaken to evaluate the adverse impacts of the El Arish power plant on the northeastern Sinai coast of Egypt. This program spanned 28 months and includes intensive hydrographic surveying, measurements of waves, longshore current, littoral drift, currents behind the breaker zone, offshore currents, sea-level variation and water quality. The shoreline dynamics of the region have been substantially disrupted due to the high-intensity longshore transport and the interruption of longshore transport by the shoreperpendicular intake breakwaters. Maximum erosion of 5.5 m/year has been documented east of the breakwater. This erosion has been continuing eastwards, threatening the resort centers on the downcoast beaches. On the other hand, accretion (11.7 m/year) is recorded along the western side of the breakwater, accumulating great volumes of sand which is transported to the east by littoral currents. Part of this sand enters the intake basin, causing sedimentation problems by the easterly and westerly littoral drifts and cross-shore currents. In other respect, an unprotected offshore channel dredged in front of the water discharger, east of the intake, acts as an effective trap for the predominantly easterly sand drift, subsequently interrupting sediments moving from the east, accelerating processes of erosion to the east. The cooling and wastewater discharging from the discharger to the sea are insignificantly warmer than the upcoast water and not contaminated with chemical wastes. The thermal and chemical plume has no significant effect on the quality of the coastal water in the region.

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“…Rosetta promontory on the western coast of the Nile Delta among the delta coastline has been subjected to the worst severe erosion . (ITNESCO/LTNDP, 1978;Frihy et a!., 1991;Fanos et aL, 1995). Mitwally et al (2007a) gave detailed study of meiofauna distribution at two stretches of Rosetta estuary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of trophic guilds of free living nematodes inhabiting Rosetta Estuary and Eastern Harbor, Alexandria, Egypt

2008

Egypt. J. of Aquatic Biolo. and Fish.

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T rophic composition of free living nematodes within different stations at Rosetta estuary (RE) and Eastern Harbor of Alexandria (EH) was examined. Sediments at the highly dynamic RE were subjected to intense wave action and supported significantly (P<0.05) lower mean nematode density (<5 individuals per 10cm") than sediments within the EH. Mean nematode densities and numerical trophic abundance were highest at the semi-closed basin (p<0.05) that sheltered from liydrodynamic induced disturbance. The higher nematode abundance at EH was due to availability of food sources and heterogeneous sediment, whereas the lower nematode abundance at RE was due to homogenous sand and highly dynamical process. According to Jensen's classification (1987) trophic levels were composed of four guilds at both locations (deposit feeders, epistrate feeders, scavengers and predators). Deposit feeders dominated at the two locations (46.5% and 37% respectively at RE and EH) probably due to prevalence of fine and very fine sands and the high load of organic matter. Sediment characteristics and high load of organic matter appeared to be the limiting factors controlling the relative importance of nematode trophic guilds at RE and EH. The Univariate (ANOVA) and multivariate (PERMANOVA) analyses indicated that total nematode abundance and its trophic guilds were distinct between locations and among dates. No significant variation among or within stations except for scavengers. The extent to which the macro-sc.:le (Km) variability was more important than micro-scale (m) variability was tested and revealed the higher variability on larger scale than on smaller scale due to physical, hydrodynamic process as well as sediments characteristics.

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Patterns of nearshore sediment transport along the Nile Delta, Egypt

Cited by 78 publications

References 10 publications

Pre- and post-beach response to engineering hard structures using Landsat time-series at the northwestern part of the Nile delta, Egypt

Pre- and post-beach response to engineering hard structures using Landsat time-series at the northwestern part of the Nile delta, Egypt

Environmental impacts of El Arish power plant on the Mediterranean coast of Sinai, Egypt

Comparative study of trophic guilds of free living nematodes inhabiting Rosetta Estuary and Eastern Harbor, Alexandria, Egypt

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