Patterns of primary antiretroviral drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected individuals in a midwest university clinic

Abstract

A total of 192 HIV-1-infected antiretroviral-naive individuals had genotyping performed in our midwest university clinic between 2003 and 2005. The overall prevalence of resistance with either a reverse transcriptase or major protease mutation was 18%. There did not seem to be a significant difference in primary resistance patterns between different modes of HIV transmission (heterosexual versus men who have sex with men), gender or between white and African-American individuals.

Both Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cellular DNA Sequencing and Plasma RNA Sequencing Are Useful for Detection of Drug Resistance Mutations in Blood Samples from Antiretroviral-Drug-Naive Patients

“…Similarly, in another U.S. study conducted between 1999 and 2001 among chronically infected patients, the overall estimated prevalence of resistance mutation was 8.8% (14). In a very recent contribution from the United States, an overall prevalence of resistance of 18% among 192 HIV-infected naive patients tested in 2003 and 2004 was reported (6).…”

Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 M184V and K103N Minority Variants in Patients with Primary HIV Infection

“…The activity of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) can be impeded by the selection and transmission of drug resistance-associated mutations (4,6,11). Yet, few studies of the potential impact of such mutations on viral transmissibility have been carried out (13).…”

Low Prevalence of Primary HIV Resistance in Western Massachusetts

“…Table 4 compares our data with other recent US studies documenting primary resistance in chronically infected patients. Our study had the lowest rate (5%) among these recent studies [1][2][3][4]6,7 in which the rate of resistance ranged from 8% to 18%. The distribution of resistance among the antiretroviral classes was consistent with the recently published data, which showed that NNRTI resistance prevalence was the highest, followed by NRTI and PI resistance.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5]15 Transmitted resistance assumes acquisition from a patient with resistant virus, which was most likely acquired following exposure of the source patient to ART. Thus, a major determinant of the prevalence of ART-associated mutations is access of the population to ART.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Resistance testing for chronically HIV-infected individuals is currently recommended at the time of the first evaluation and at treatment initiation. 9 The prevalence of primary resistance varies by geographic region and may be influenced by local demographics, HIV risk factors, and the penetration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the local area.…”