Patterns of substance use among HIV-positive adults over 50: Implications for treatment and medication adherence

Parsons, Jeffrey T.; Starks, Tyrel J.; Millar, Brett M.; Boonrai, Kailip; Marcotte, David

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.704

Cited by 78 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Results were the same when the models were repeated with marijuana, methaqualone, and heroin entered as separate predictors. This finding is consistent with a growing literature that highlights the association between poly-substance use and HIV risk behavior (54-57). It is not clear whether these other drugs contribute directly to sexual risk behavior, or whether individuals who abuse multiple drugs have higher trait impulsivity that lead them to engage in multiple risky behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

HIV Risk Behavior Among Methamphetamine Users Entering Substance Abuse Treatment in Cape Town, South Africa

et al. 2016

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South Africa is experiencing a growing methamphetamine problem, and there is concern that methamphetamine use may accelerate HIV transmission. There has been little research on the HIV prevention needs of methamphetamine users receiving substance abuse treatment in South Africa. This study assessed the prevalence and correlates of HIV risk behaviors among 269 methamphetamine users entering substance abuse treatment in two clinics in Cape Town. The prevalence of sexual risk behaviors was high among sexually active participants: 34% multiple partners, 26% unprotected intercourse with a casual partner, and 24% sex trading for money/methamphetamine. The strongest predictor of all sexual risk behaviors was concurrent other drug use. Over half had not been HIV tested in the past year, and 25% had never been tested, although attitudes toward HIV testing were overwhelmingly positive. This population of primarily heterosexual, non-injecting methamphetamine users is a high-risk group in need of targeted HIV prevention interventions. Substance abuse treatment is an ideal setting in which to reach methamphetamine users for HIV services.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

HIV Risk Behavior Among Methamphetamine Users Entering Substance Abuse Treatment in Cape Town, South Africa

et al. 2016

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“…Heavy alcohol use has been associated with self-discontinuation of ART as well (9). Polysubstance use (cocaine or other stimulants, along with heroin) has been particularly associated with suboptimal medication adherence (10–12). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoking and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence in a Sample of Heavy Drinking HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)

et al. 2016

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Cigarette smoking and heavy alcohol use is prevalent among HIV-infected men who sex with men (MSM) and have been linked to imperfect antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. Our study examined the correlates of smoking and whether smoking was independently associated with imperfect adherence in heavy-drinking HIV-infected MSM. Of the 185 participants, approximately half (n = 91, 49.2%) reported having smoked cigarettes in the past 30 days. Current smokers were more likely to have reported imperfect adherence compared to non-smokers (37.4.2% vs. 22.3%, p < 0.05). In multivariable regression analyses, only lower education was significantly associated with imperfect adherence. This study demonstrated that the greatest risk factor for smoking and imperfect ART adherence was low socioeconomic status, in which MSM of color were over-represented. As the first study to examine smoking and ART adherence in this population, our study has the potential to inform the clinical care provided to heavy-drinking MSM.

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“…Drug and alcohol use is associated with poor HIV medical adherence and clinical outcomes (2,3). Substance- abusing sexual minorities are more likely to be untreated or under-utilize treatment (4) and may be a bridge to non-drug using populations (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Drug and Alcohol Use Patterns and Sexual Risk in a Sample of African American Men Who Have Sex with Men

et al. 2015

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Men who have sex with men (MSM) are the largest risk group in the US HIV epidemic and African American MSM (AA MSM) are disproportionately affected. Substance-abusing sexual minorities warrant attention as they are at elevated risk for HIV, yet are not a homogeneous risk group. The purpose of this study was to use latent class analysis to identify patterns of drug and alcohol use in a sample of 359 AA MSM and examine associations with sexual risk. Three classes were identified: Individuals who used multiple substances (Poly-users) (18%), Alcohol/marijuana users (33%) and individuals who had low probability of reporting drug or problematic alcohol use (50%). Results from multivariate analysis indicate that Poly-users were older and more likely to report sex exchange and recent sexually transmitted infection compared to the other classes. Alcohol and Poly-users were more likely to report sex under the influence. Identifying and defining substance use patterns can improve specification of risk groups and allocation of prevention resources.

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Patterns of substance use among HIV-positive adults over 50: Implications for treatment and medication adherence

Cited by 78 publications

References 58 publications

HIV Risk Behavior Among Methamphetamine Users Entering Substance Abuse Treatment in Cape Town, South Africa

HIV Risk Behavior Among Methamphetamine Users Entering Substance Abuse Treatment in Cape Town, South Africa

Cigarette Smoking and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence in a Sample of Heavy Drinking HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)

Associations Between Drug and Alcohol Use Patterns and Sexual Risk in a Sample of African American Men Who Have Sex with Men

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