Patterns of synthesis and secretion of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in primary cortical and cerebellar astrocytes in vitro

Abstract

We determined the amounts of [35S]-glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) found on the intracellular, pericellular and extracellular compartments of primary cultures of astrocytes derived from newborn rat cortex and cerebellum in vitro. Our results show that the greatest portion of newly synthesized GAGs were found in different cellular compartments, depending on the source of the astrocytes. In the cells derived from the cerebellum, the proportion of [35S]-GAGs secreted to the culture medium preponderates over the amount found in the two other compartments, whereas cells derived from the cortex accumulated higher proportions of [35S]-GAGs in the intracellular compartment than in the two other compartments. Cortical and cerebellar glial cells synthesised and secreted heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin 4-sulfate (C-4S). HS was predominantly accumulated on the pericellular surface, while C-4S was mostly secreted to the culture medium. Beside the difference on the distribution of total [35S]-GAGs among the three cellular compartments, no difference was observed on the relative proportions of HS and C-4S within each compartment. By defining the source of GAGs, the present study may help to complement and extend information on biosynthesis of these compounds by mammalian glial cells.

Adhesamine, a new synthetic molecule, accelerates differentiation and prolongs survival of primary cultured mouse hippocampal neurons

“…MAPK activation is also involved in phosphorylation of the transcription factor CREB (cAMP-response-element-binding protein) [28]. All in all, as glial cells express heterogeneity of negatively charged cell-surface proteoglycans, such as heparan sulfate [32][33][34], we consider that association of neurites and/or neuronal cell bodies with heparan sulfate on glial cells mediates the recruitment and activation of a FAK/MAPK cascade. On the other hand, neurotrophin, neurotrophin mRNA and its receptor Trk are expressed in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex [29,30], and neurotrophin increases dendritic complexity in neurons of developing visual cortex [31].…”

Biochemical characterization of heparan sulfate derived from murine hemopoietic stromal cell lines: A bone marrow‐derived cell line S17 and a fetal liver‐derived cell line AFT024

“…Agarose gel electrophoresis was carried out as previously described [Martins et al, 2000]. Approximately 10,000 cpm of 35 S‐GAGs from the three cellular compartments of stromal cell cultures, before and after chondroitin lyase digestion or deaminative cleavage with nitrous acid, as well as a mixture of standard C‐4S, DS, and HS (10 μg of each) were applied to 0.5% agarose gels in 0.05 M 1,3‐diaminopropane:acetate (pH 9.0).…”

Immunohistochemical Level of Unsulfated Chondroitin Disaccharides in the Cancer Stroma Is an Independent Predictor of Prostate Cancer Relapse

“…The concentration of chondroitin sulfate is greatly increased over normal tissue levels in several different malignancies (7)(8)(9)(10), including prostate cancer (11)(12)(13). Our previous studies illustrated that patients treated by radical prostatectomy for early stage (cT 1 -cT 2 ) cancer who showed high chondroitin sulfate concentration in the peritumoral stroma of the prostate had a significantly higher incidence of PSA failure than patients with low chondroitin sulfate concentration (14).…”