Patterns of trace element bioaccumulation in jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon from SE Spain

A Systematic Review of Risk Assessment Associated with Jellyfish Consumption as a Potential Novel Food

“…The articles related to chemical risk highlighted that a careful prior assessment is due to the location of capture and to the breeding of jellyfish. The phenomenon of bioaccumulation, a process through which toxic polluting substances accumulate inside an organism in concentrations higher than those found in the surrounding environment, is typical of the marine species here treated [17,28,29]. For this reason, it is essential to carry out a careful environmental analysis in order to search possible marine pollutants such as pesticides, hydrocarbons, and heavy metals, before marketing jellyfish.…”

“…In addition, not all food consumed was investigated, which may underestimate the exposure level. Other two studies conducted by Epstein et al and Muñoz-Vera et al [28,29] report altered heavy metal levels caused by the polluted places where jellyfish were caught. This aspect could limit the generalization of the results, since it tends to overestimate the concentration levels of heavy metal in comparison to those found in jellyfish caught in the open sea.…”

“…Another research conducted by Muñoz-Vera et al [29] assessed the possibility from a jellyfish species (Rhizostoma pulmo) to bioaccumulate trace elements in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon from South Est Spain. This study has evaluated the concentrations of different analyzed elements (Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sn, and Pb) in 57 samples taken by this area.…”

“…Of the 25 elements analyzed in the umbrella product, 11 (Al, B, C, Fe, H, K, Mg, Mn, N, Na, and P) showed a significant mass change, p < 0.1, compared to the total solids of the raw umbrella. Eight elements (Ca, Another research conducted by Muñoz-Vera et al [29] assessed the possibility from a jellyfish species (Rhizostoma pulmo) to bioaccumulate trace elements in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon from South Est Spain. This study has evaluated the concentrations of different analyzed elements (Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sn, and Pb) in 57 samples taken by this area.…”

GIS Assessment of Mass Tourism Anthropization in Sensitive Coastal Environments: Application to a Case Study in the Mar Menor Area

“…The results obtained on the anthropic inertia of the analyzed environment are a priori worrying but also require a certain reflection on the scope and limitations of the work, both from a general point of view and at a particular level of this study. At the particular level, it should be noted that there have already been several studies in this territory warning about the effect of discharges of urban pollutants [44,45]; contributions of nitrates to the lagoon from agriculture [46,47]; the increasing exchange of water between the lagoon and the Mediterranean [48]; degradation of the wetlands landscape [49]; urban problems derived from the seasonality of the tourism sector [50]; or environmental impacts on the ecosystem linked with the alteration of marine [51,52] and terrestrial species [53], among others. However, the approach carried out thus far has always been considered from a uni-disciplinary point of view associated with the field of study of each research (biology, ecology, chemistry, urban planning, oceanography, etc.).…”