Paulownia (<i>Paulownia elongata</i> S.Y.Hu) – importance for forestry and a general screening of technological and material properties

Huber, Christian G.; Moog, David; Stingl, Robert; Pramreiter, Maximilian; Stadlmann, Alexander; Baumann, Georg; Praxmarer, Gabriel; Gutmann, R.; Eisler, Herfried; Müller, Ulrich

doi:10.1080/17480272.2023.2172690

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Nevertheless, this tree species would show some potential over spruce in bar-type as well as plate-type bending (MOE) (Table 2). In comparison to the mechanical properties, the tree species has good thermal insulation properties (Huber et al 2023).…”

Section: Silvicultural Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential alternatives for Norway spruce wood: a selection based on defect-free wood properties

Huber,

Langmaier,

Stadlmann

et al. 2023

Annals of Forest Science

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Key message The application of material selection principles uncovered eight possible alternative tree species (two deciduous and six coniferous species) to substitute Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) and potentially prevent economic loss in European forest. Context Climate change is a major challenge for the Central European forest and timber industry. Increasing biotic (e.g. beetle damage) and abiotic (e.g. drought) calamities have led to major losses in forest value, especially on Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) stands. Therefore, a transition to climate change adapted forest management is necessary. Concurrently, neophytes (e.g. tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle), Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco), grand fir (Abies grandis (Douglas ex D. Don) Lindl.) and Paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud.)) are increasing their dominance in forest communities and causing additional adaption of the forest ecosystem. Both factors will lead to significant changes in wood species distributions in Central European forests, mainly at the expanse of Norway spruce, over the next decades. Aims Choosing the “right” tree species for afforestation will become ever more complex and will require a holistic approach that combines forestry and technological aspects alike. Therefore, this review presents a selection approach based on available wood material data from literature and the material selection principles proposed by M. Ashby with the aim to identify suitable alternatives for Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) and further concisely assess their silvicultural relevance. Methods For this wood species comparison and selection process, dry and raw density, bending strength and modulus of elasticity were chosen as key properties. Beam- and plate-like components subjected to a bending load were chosen as representative use cases. Results European birch (Betula spp.), grand fir (Abies grandis (Douglas ex D. Don) Lindl.) and silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) were identified as suitable alternatives for Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) from a technological as well as silvicultural point of view. In addition, Paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud.), Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière), yellow pine (Pinus strobus L.), western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don in Lambert) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) offer a technological advantage but currently lack relevance in the forest sector. Conclusion The proposed selection process offers an evaluation of technical performance, and in combination with an assessment of the silvicultural relevance, it will be possible to optimize the wood-supply chain and prevent future economic loss of Central European forests.

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Section: Silvicultural Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential alternatives for Norway spruce wood: a selection based on defect-free wood properties

Huber,

Langmaier,

Stadlmann

et al. 2023

Annals of Forest Science

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“…Paulownia tomentosa (Steud.) is distributed in eastern and central China, but because of its commercial and ornamental value, it is currently cultivated worldwide ( Magar et al, 2016 ; Huber et al, 2023 ; EPPO, 2023 ). Due to the desirable properties of timber, such as clear wood grain, high dimensional stability, and resistance to bending, cracking or rotting ( Yaycili & Alikamanoglu, 2005 ; Icka, Damo & Icka, 2016 ), it is a very important species for the production of many objects, such as furniture, musical instruments, construction, paper or even bio fuel ( Doumett et al, 2008 ; Akyildiz & Kol, 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of P5CS and ProDH activity in Paulownia tomentosa (Steud.) as an indicator of oxidative changes induced by drought stress

Kijowska-Oberc,

Wawrzyniak,

Ciszewska

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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The aim of the study was to investigate changes in proline metabolism in seedlings of tree species during drought stress. One month old Paulownia tomentosa seedlings were exposed to moisture conditions at various levels (irrigation at 100, 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity), and then the material (leaves and roots) was collected three times at 10-day intervals. The activity of enzymes involved in proline metabolism was closely related to drought severity; however, proline content was not directly impacted. The activity of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), which catalyzes proline biosynthesis, increased in response to hydrogen peroxide accumulation, which was correlated with soil moisture. In contrast, the activity of proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), which catalyzes proline catabolism, decreased. Compared to proline, the activity of these enzymes may be a more reliable biochemical marker of stress-induced oxidative changes. The content of proline is dependent on numerous additional factors, i.e., its degradation is an important alternative energy source. Moreover, we noted tissue-specific differences in this species, in which roots appeared to be proline biosynthesis sites and leaves appeared to be proline catabolism sites. Further research is needed to examine a broader view of proline metabolism as a cycle regulated by multiple mechanisms and differences between species.

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“…One of the limitations of the industrial usage of Paulownia timber is due to the influence of its low density on its mechanical properties [14]. This lightweight wood species can be used for the manufacture of particleboard using raw material from Turkey [17], a combination of bio-waste cotton stalks (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and Paulownia wood particles [18], using raw material from Portugal [19] or in non-load-bearing constructions [20]. Moreover, Paulownia represents a solution to replace expensive and rare tropical low-weight/density wood species (i.e., balsa (Ochroma pyramidale Cav.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightweight Solid Wood Panels Made of Paulownia Plantation Wood

Barbu,

Radauer,

Petutschnigg

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Light Paulownia seamless-edged glued solid wood panels (SWPs), single-layered and three-layered, were analyzed in this study. Both panel types were calibrated at a thickness of 19 mm, a dimension very often in demand on the SWP market, but produced with other wood species (for example, spruce, pine, larch and fir). The panels were bonded with melamine-urea formaldehyde, polyurethane and polyvinyl acetate resins. The panels were tested for their physical (density) and mechanical (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, compressive shear strength and wood breakage rate) properties. For the single-layered panels, the mechanical and physical properties did not differ significantly and were similar to massive Paulownia wood. For the three-layered panels, the adhesive application of polyurethane influenced positively all SWP properties. Considering the differences in density, these composites failed to achieve the performance of one- and single-layered panels made of spruce. The results of these findings recommend Paulownia SWPs to be used as lightweight and sustainable core materials in sandwich structures for the furniture and packaging industry, sport articles or non-load-bearing constructions.

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Paulownia (Paulownia elongata S.Y.Hu) – importance for forestry and a general screening of technological and material properties

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Potential alternatives for Norway spruce wood: a selection based on defect-free wood properties

Potential alternatives for Norway spruce wood: a selection based on defect-free wood properties

Evaluation of P5CS and ProDH activity in Paulownia tomentosa (Steud.) as an indicator of oxidative changes induced by drought stress

Lightweight Solid Wood Panels Made of Paulownia Plantation Wood

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