“…Such learning is important because it can alter physiological/behavioral responses, motivational states (e.g., craving), or expectancies that affect the probability, vigor, or cue-directed nature of ethanolseeking behavior (Krank, 1989(Krank, , 2003Cunningham, 1994Cunningham, , 1998Corbit and Janak, 2007). Pavlovian learning may be especially involved in triggering relapse to ethanol seeking after periods of abstinence or extinction (Krank and Wall, 1990;Katner and Weiss, 1999;Ciccocioppo et al, 2001Ciccocioppo et al, , 2002Ciccocioppo et al, , 2003Nie and Janak, 2003;Zironi et al, 2006;Dayas et al, 2007).…”