2009
DOI: 10.1080/10549810902905669
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Payments for Ecosystem Services: A New Way of Conserving Biodiversity in Forests

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Cited by 74 publications
(41 citation statements)
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“…The spatial patterns that we found also have implications for strategies to sell ES in bundles to the same buyer or layers to different buyers (Wunder & Wertz-Kanounnikoff 2009). For instance, the Global Environment Facility (GEF), with its mandate vis-à-vis carbon and biodiversity services, can bundle both services in PES interventions, as has already occurred in Costa Rica and elsewhere (Pagiola 2008).…”
Section: Policy Implicationsmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…The spatial patterns that we found also have implications for strategies to sell ES in bundles to the same buyer or layers to different buyers (Wunder & Wertz-Kanounnikoff 2009). For instance, the Global Environment Facility (GEF), with its mandate vis-à-vis carbon and biodiversity services, can bundle both services in PES interventions, as has already occurred in Costa Rica and elsewhere (Pagiola 2008).…”
Section: Policy Implicationsmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Some PES schemes combine both approaches, for instance, Costa Rica's National Forestry Environmental Services Program, through the National Forestry Fund (FONAFIFO) channels government payments to private forest owners and protected areas for carbon sequestration, watershed protection, biodiversity conservation, and scenic beauty services from forests (bundling), and at the same time markets them to different local, national, and international buyers (layering) [9,44]. In many instances, we also observe cases of "piggy backing" when one ES serves as an umbrella for the provision or conservation of other ES, which are, however, not paid for [57]. A good example of piggy backing is the Working for Water program in South Africa, which successfully accommodates habitat maintenance and biodiversity conservation, among other ES, under the umbrella of watershed management payment scheme [58].…”
Section: Resource System and Ecosystem Servicesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bundling refers to merging multiple ES values from a delineated piece of land together for a sale on a single market (or to a single buyer), whereas layering allows different ES values from the same piece of land to be sold at different markets [57]. Some PES schemes combine both approaches, for instance, Costa Rica's National Forestry Environmental Services Program, through the National Forestry Fund (FONAFIFO) channels government payments to private forest owners and protected areas for carbon sequestration, watershed protection, biodiversity conservation, and scenic beauty services from forests (bundling), and at the same time markets them to different local, national, and international buyers (layering) [9,44].…”
Section: Resource System and Ecosystem Servicesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An excellent example of a private buyer is the water bottling company Vittel, whichnegotiated agreements with the farmers in the catchment area feeding the company's spring source (Wunder & Wertz-Kanounnikoff, 2009). The current Vittel scheme, which has been in place for over ten years, consists of one buyer and 26 sellers of ecosystem services, and covers an area of about 3,500 ha.…”
Section: Local Public Goodsmentioning
confidence: 99%