Pb accumulation, Pb tolerance, antioxidants, thiols, and organic acids in metallicolous and non-metallicolous Peganum harmala L. under Pb exposure

Seed priming with KNO3 mediates biochemical processes to inhibit lead toxicity in maize (Zea mays L.)

“…in Coronopus didymus and Malar et al . in Eichhornia crassipes supporting the evidence that most of the Pb is transported through root apoplast and accumulates in the endodermis . Apparently, roots immobilise and accumulate Pb ions and activate detoxification system to prevent the translocation of Pb from roots to shoot .…”

“…a) might be the result of direct exposure of roots to Pb toxicity which also resulted in more pronounced activities of antioxidant enzymes in roots. An elevation in activities of antioxidative enzymes in response to Pb induced oxidative stress is well reported in literature . These enzymes serve as a prime defence strategy against radical O 2− , OH − , H 2 O 2 and conjugate dienes to prevent lipid peroxidation mediated degradation of membranes .…”

“…wileyonlinelibrary.com/jsfa Our results are in accord with the observations by Sidhu et al 8 in Coronopus didymus and Malar et al 63 in Eichhornia crassipes supporting the evidence that most of the Pb is transported through root apoplast and accumulates in the endodermis. 64,65 Apparently, roots immobilise and accumulate Pb ions and activate detoxification system to prevent the translocation of Pb from roots to shoot. 15 An efficient inhibition of uptake and immobilisation of Pb by KNO 3 seed priming might be attributed to its protective role in prevention of peroxidation of polyunsaturated lipids or fatty acids through activation of ROS scavenging enzymes.…”

Ascorbic acid improves the tolerance of wheat plants to lead toxicity

“…Of these, Pb is a toxic HM that adversely affects plant growth and metabolism (Sharma and Dubey 2005;Dogan et al, 2009). Lead enters the plants via their roots and alters their morphological, physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms (Fan et al, 2016;Mahdavian et al, 2016;Malar et al, 2016;Simonetti et al, 2016). Lead limits seed germination, biomass production and also causes nutrients imbalance in plants (Sharma and Dubey 2005;Malar et al, 2016).…”

“…Excessive generation of ROS causes deterioration of macromolecules, resulting in decreased physiological and biochemical processes (Mahdavian et al, 2016;Amari et al, 2017), leading to reduced growth and productivity of crop plants.…”