Pb(Fe_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃Perovskite Ceramics Produced by Simplified Wolframite Route

Reduction of Dielectric Losses in Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)O3-Based Ferroelectric Ceramics

“…2) Pb(Fe 1=2 Nb 1=2 )O 3 (PFN) attracts much attention since it presents a large dielectric constant at a sintering temperature as low as 1000 C and shows nearly normal dielectric behavior in the frequency range of interest, although it is compositionally disordered. 5,6) Furthermore, in terms of structural stability and synthesis feasibility evaluated in view of the tolerance factor and electronegativity difference, PFN is relatively easy to prepare in single-phase perovskite form compared with all other complex perovskite ferroelectric relaxors. 2,7) Recently, we reported the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the pseudoternary Pb(Fe 1=2 Nb 1=2 )O 3 -PbZrO 3 -PbTiO 3 (PFN-PZ-PT) system.…”

Charge Compensation Mechanism Decreases Dielectric Loss in Manganese-Doped Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)O3 Ceramics

“…1) In particular, Pb(Fe 1=2 Nb 1=2 )O 3 (PFN) has been widely used as an important constituent in the MLCC industry, since it presents a high dielectric constant at a sintering temperature as low as 1000 C. 2) Although, in terms of structural stability and synthesis feasibility evaluated in views of tolerance factor and electronegativity difference, PFN is ferroelectric that is relatively easily to prepare in the pure perovskite form, 1,3) reproducible fabrication of perovskite PFN is difficult due to the appearance of stable lead-niobate pyrochlore phases as intermediate products that are detrimental to the dielectric properties. 4) To obtain stoichiometric perovskite Pb(Mg 1=3 Nb 2=3 )O 3 (PMN), Swartz and Shrout devised a columbite precursor method where two refractory B-site oxides, MgO and Nb 2 O 5 , were prereacted to form the columbite MgNb 2 O 6 before reaction with PbO. 5) This technique bypasses the intermediate pyrochlore phases reaction and stoichiometric PMN ceramic, completely free of pyrochlore phases, could be prepared easily without the addition of excess MgO/PbO or special ceramic processes.…”

Ferroelectromagnetic Properties of PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 (PFN) Material Synthesized by Chemical-Wet Technology

“…During the technological process of the PFN ceramic material, many methods and techniques are used, e.g., a sol-gel synthesis, molten salt synthesis, precipitation from the solution, reaction in solid state, two-stage columbite method, and mechanical activation (high-energy milling) [18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26]. Each of the above-mentioned methods and techniques require the use of specific technological conditions and diligence in laboratory process in order to obtain materials with good properties.…”