Pb Isotopes as an Indicator of the Asian Contribution to Particulate Air Pollution in Urban California

Ewing, S. A.; Christensen, John N.; Brown, S. T.; Vancuren, R. A.; Cliff, Steven S.; DePaolo, Donald J.

doi:10.1021/es101450t

Cited by 87 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This is in agreement with Pb isotope data from China [Mukai et al, 2001] and Pb deposition trends recorded in snow on the opposite side of the North Pacific [Osterberg et al, 2008]. A time series of aerosol Pb isotope data at a pair of sites on the west coast of California demonstrates how Pb isotope analysis has been used to resolve trans-Pacific versus local Pb sources [Ewing et al, 2010]. While the trans-Pacific Pb generally co-occurs with peaks in sample mass and silicon (Si) content due to trans-Pacific dust events, high Pb concentrations relative to sample mass and Si content are taken as evidence that the trans-Pacific Pb is primarily anthropogenic in origin (see Figure 2.22).…”

Section: Aerosol Source Attribution Based On Use Of Trace Elements Ansupporting

confidence: 84%

Emission inventories and projections

Streets¹,

Aardenne²

2010

Air Pollution Studies

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Section: Aerosol Source Attribution Based On Use Of Trace Elements Ansupporting

confidence: 84%

Emission inventories and projections

Streets¹,

Aardenne²

2010

Air Pollution Studies

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“…Significantly higher relative concentrations of all metals, except for Ag and Se, were found among households using coal. Previous studies have shown that coal combustion is the primary source of many organic and inorganic pollutants including various types of metals (Dai et al, 2012;Ewing et al 2010;Li et al 2012aLi et al , 2012bLi et al 2012aLi et al , 2012bLiang et al 2010;Wang et al 2010). No significant differences were observed in concentrations of metals between households using gas and electricity for cooking.…”

Section: Concentrations Of Metals In Indoor Pm 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metals compositions of indoor PM2.5, health risk assessment, and birth outcomes in Lanzhou, China

Zhang

Cao

et al. 2016

Environ Monit Assess

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The study aimed to investigate the metal compositions in indoor PM2.5 and the potential health risks they pose to residents of an urban area in China. A total of 41 and 54 households were surveyed in February and September 2013, respectively. The results showed that the indoor concentrations of metals varied depending on the types of cooking fuels used. All measured concentrations of metals were highest among households using coal for cooking. In the majority of households, non-carcinogenic risks were posed by the use of coal. The carcinogenic risks posed by chromium (VI) and arsenic were generally higher among households using coal for cooking than among those using gas or electricity. The multivariate linear regression model suggested a potential adverse effect from arsenic and cadmium on birth weight and gestational weeks. This study also found that cooking fuel was the most significant factor that contributed to the differences in concentrations of metals in indoor PM2.5 and highlighted the importance of using clean energy for cooking and heating.

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“…Coal combustion has increased dramatically during the past two decades (Ewing et al, 2010). In China, Shanxi is one of the most important province for coal production and coal-related industry (Shi et al, 2003), and much of the coal used in coal-fired power plants, coking plants and others comes from Shanxi Province (Li et al, 2012a(Li et al, , 2012bLiang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risks from the exposure of children to As, Se, Pb and other heavy metals near the largest coking plant in China

Cao

Duan

Zhao

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

341

112

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• The concentration of heavy metals and metalloids in environment and children's blood are observed around the Chinese largest coking plant.• The health risk assessments of children are analyzed.• Foods from the coking plant are heavily contaminated by As, Cr and Se.• Food Ingestion pathway contributes most to children's average daily dose for most heavy metals and metalloids.• Higher potentially non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks happen to the local children. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Coking influences environmental quality and poses high risks to human health as large amounts of heavy metals and metalloids are emitted into the environment from coal during the coking process. Health risks depend heavily on multi-pathway and element-specific exposures, which have, unfortunately, been rarely studied. In this study, children's health risks and exposure levels to As, Se, and heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Co, Zn, Cu, Mn, V and Sb) in the water, soil, dust, air and locally produced food were studied based on field sampling and questionnaire-based surveys around the largest coking area in China. Human blood samples were collected and analyzed to indicate the exposure levels. The non-carcinogenic risks to children mainly resulted from Cr, Mn, Pb, As and Sb, the levels of which were 3 to 10 times higher than the acceptable levels (1.0 × 10 −6 ). The carcinogenic risks to children were 30 to 200 times higher than the safe level (1.0 × 10 −6 -1.0 × 10 −4 ), which could be attributed to Cr, As and Ni pollution. The estimated risks mainly came from the pathway involving the ingestion of locally produced food, accounting for more than 85% in total for most elements. For As, the food ingestion and air inhalation exposure pathways both contributed approximately 50%, respectively. The high risks in this study highlight the attention paid to the health of children who live in the vicinity of coking activities and the importance of site-specific multi-pathway health risk assessments and food safety to protect potentially exposed children.

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Pb Isotopes as an Indicator of the Asian Contribution to Particulate Air Pollution in Urban California

Cited by 87 publications

References 52 publications

Emission inventories and projections

Emission inventories and projections

Metals compositions of indoor PM2.5, health risk assessment, and birth outcomes in Lanzhou, China

Health risks from the exposure of children to As, Se, Pb and other heavy metals near the largest coking plant in China

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