Pb(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 powders synthesized by Pechini method: Effect of molecular weight of polyester on the phase and morphology

Synthesis of nanocrystalline YSZ (ZrO2–8Y2O3) powder by polymerized complex method

“…The objective of this method is the immobilization of metallic ions in a rigid polymeric network. The metallic ions are dispersed in the polymeric network at the atomic scale without precipitation and phase segregation [20].…”

Characterization of paramagnetic KHo(WO4)2 nanocrystals: Synthesized by polymeric mixed-metal precursor sol–gel method

“…These bands confirm the conversion of citric acid to citrate salt [24]. The band at 1759 cm −1 indicates the C O stretching mode of ester which was formed between citric acid and ethylene glycol [25]. The peaks corresponding to asymmetric stretching of COO − were observed at 1630 and 1558 cm −1 which may be due to unidentate and a bridging complex (forms between the citric acid and metal ions) [24].…”

“…The samples calcined at 250 and 550 • C indicate the presence of carbonates with a peak at 1398 cm −1 . The band at 1613 cm −1 was present even after calcination at 700 • C for 4 h. The reason for the band even at this higher temperature may be due to strong chelating ability of citric acid that can stabilize the different metal ions within one molecule or complex [25]. The sample annealed at 700 • C, shows the absorption peaks corresponding to the appearance of (WO 4 Vibrational characteristics of these nanocrystals were investigated to analyze the bending modes of tungstate chains [W 2 O 8 ] −4 .…”

SiO2/KGd(WO4)2:Eu3+ composite luminescent nanoparticles: Synthesis and characterization

“…Qiu et al also report that the strong chelating stability of citric acid results with stabilization of different metal ions in single molecule or in single complex. Due to this, the sample calcinated at 700 C shows the band at 1645 cm À1 [34].…”

“…Polymeric gel related carboxylate stretching modes (formed by conversion of citric acid to citrate salts) are identified at 1767, 1650, 1568 and 1389 cm À1 [33]. Qiu et al report that the band at 1767 cm À1 of C]O stretching mode of ester is the resultant of link between citric acid and ethylene glycol [34]. The existence of asymmetric COO À stretching at 1645 and 1573 cm À1 is originated by the interaction between unidentate complex (citric acid) and a bridging complex (Metal ions) [33].…”