PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs in soil samples from uncontrolled burning of waste electrical material for metal reclamation

González, María José; Jiménez, Begoña; Fernández, M. A.; Hernández, L. M.

doi:10.1080/02772249109357759

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The total air concentrations (gas + particulate) of Σ 7 PCBs from these 3 sites were 98.52 ± 96.28 ng/m 3 , 1.45 ± 1.16 ng/m 3 , and 0.93 ± 0.13 ng/m 3 , respectively. The extremely high values of PCBs observed at the open burning site indicate significant potential for emissions from open burning, in line with past findings . Indeed, open burning of waste containing PCBs has also previously been implicated as a key release pathway of PCBs to the atmosphere. ,− The elevated emissions of PCBs associated with open burning are attributed to a combination of elevated temperatures, limited turbulence, and short residence time, indicating that PCBs are literally escaping the flames through volatilization. , From extrapolation of experimental data, the relative amounts emitted into air have been estimated to range from 10% , up to 20% …”

Section: Major Emissions From Recycling and Wastessupporting

confidence: 70%

Are Reductions in Industrial Organic Contaminants Emissions in Rich Countries Achieved Partly by Export of Toxic Wastes?

Breivik

Gioia

Chakraborty

et al. 2011

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent studies show that PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) air concentrations remain surprisingly high in parts of Africa and Asia. These are regions where PCBs were never extensively used, but which are implicated as recipients of obsolete products and wastes containing PCBs and other industrial organic contaminants, such as halogenated flame retardants (HFRs). We hypothesize that there may be different trends in emissions across the globe, whereby emissions of some industrial organic contaminants may be decreasing faster in former use regions (due to emission reductions combined with uncontrolled export), at the expense of regions receiving these substances as obsolete products and wastes. We conclude that the potential for detrimental effects on the environment and human health due to long-range transport by air, water, or wastes should be of equal concern when managing and regulating industrial organic contaminants. This calls for a better integration of life-cycle approaches in the management and regulation of industrial organic contaminants in order to protect environmental and human health on a global scale. Yet, little remains known about the amounts of industrial organic contaminants exported outside former use regions as different types of wastes because of the often illicit nature of these operations.

show abstract

Section: Major Emissions From Recycling and Wastessupporting

confidence: 70%

Are Reductions in Industrial Organic Contaminants Emissions in Rich Countries Achieved Partly by Export of Toxic Wastes?

Breivik

Gioia

Chakraborty

et al. 2011

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, it has been estimated that the import of PBDEs via e-wastes into China exceeds domestic production of brominated flame retardants by a factor of 3.5 . Finally, informal dismantling and recycling activities, such as open combustion, may lead to de novo synthesis of toxic compounds, such as various halogenated dioxins , and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), adding to the toxic burden . Overall, discarded EEE represent both potential value and toxic waste , which, according to NGOs, has left poor informal recycling communities with “an untenable choice between poverty and poison”…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking the Global Generation and Exports of e-Waste. Do Existing Estimates Add up?

Breivik

Armitage

Wania

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

207

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

14The transport of discarded electronic and electrical appliances (e-waste) to developing regions has 15 received considerable attention, but it is difficult to assess the significance of this issue without a 16 quantitative understanding of the amounts involved. The main objective of this study is to track the 17 global transport of e-wastes by compiling and constraining existing estimates of the amount of e-waste 18 generated domestically in each country MGEN, exported from countries belonging to the Organization for 19Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) MEXP, and imported in countries outside of the OECD 20 MIMP. Reference year is 2005 and all estimates are given with an uncertainty range. Estimates of MGEN 21 obtained by apportioning a global total of ~35,000 kt (range 20,000-50,000 kt) based on a nation's gross 22 domestic product agree well with independent estimates of MGEN for individual countries. Import 23 estimates MIMP to the countries believed to be the major recipients of e-waste exports from the OECD 24 globally (China, India and five West African countries) suggests that ~5,000 kt (3,600 kt -7,300 kt) may 25 have been imported annually to these non-OECD countries alone, which represents ~23% (17% -34%) of 26 the amounts of e-waste generated domestically within the OECD. MEXP for each OECD country is then 27 estimated by applying this fraction of 23% to its MGEN. By allocating each country's MGEN, MIMP, MEXP and 28 MNET = MGEN + MIMP -MEXP, we can map the global generation and flows of e-waste from OECD to non-29 OECD countries. While significant uncertainties remain, we note that estimated import into seven non-30 OECD countries alone are often at the higher end of estimates of exports from OECD countries. 31 32 2

show abstract

A mixing model for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in surface sediments from Newark Bay, New Jersey using polytopic vector analysis

Ehrlich

Wenning

Johnson

et al. 1994

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs in soil samples from uncontrolled burning of waste electrical material for metal reclamation

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Are Reductions in Industrial Organic Contaminants Emissions in Rich Countries Achieved Partly by Export of Toxic Wastes?

Are Reductions in Industrial Organic Contaminants Emissions in Rich Countries Achieved Partly by Export of Toxic Wastes?

Tracking the Global Generation and Exports of e-Waste. Do Existing Estimates Add up?

A mixing model for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in surface sediments from Newark Bay, New Jersey using polytopic vector analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About