PCDD/F, PBDE, and nonylphenol contamination in a semi-enclosed bay (Masan Bay, South Korea) and a Mediterranean lagoon (Thau, France)

Abstract

Chemical contamination of the coastal marine environment by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) was assessed along with emerging contaminants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in an industrially well-developed country (France) and a fast-developing country (Korea). Other chemicals, i.e. nonylphenol (NP) and 5 beta(H)-cholestan-3beta-ol (coprostanol) were determined to trace industrial waste and/or domestic inputs. These compounds were analyzed in coastal sediments and mussels in two enclosed coastal water bodies: Masan Bay (South Korea) and Thau lagoon (France). The overall levels of target organic contaminants were higher in Masan Bay than in Thau lagoon. The mean concentrations of 17 PCDD/Fs, 13 PBDEs, NP and coprostanol in Masan Bay sediments were, respectively, 1.3, 11, 248 and 291 ng g(-1) dry weight (d.w.); in Thau lagoon sediments they were, respectively, 0.39, not detectable (nd), 23 and 395 ng g(-1)d.w. Mean concentrations in mussels (coprostanol and cholestanol were not measured) were 0.0093, 13, 140 ng g(-1)d.w. in Masan Bay and 0.016, 0.94, 38 ng g(-1)d.w. in Thau lagoon. Principal component analysis of the contaminants and chemical tracers indicates possible point sources of pollution for Masan Bay and Thau lagoon. This study highlights a growing pollution problem in Asia and in particular a tremendous uptrend in Korea, in comparison to more controlled discharges and releases in Western Europe.

Endocrine disruptors in blue mussels and sediments from the Gulf of Gdańsk (Southern Baltic)

“…The concentrations of 4-NPs in the sediments studied in this work are comparable to the values reported by Koniecko et al ( 2014 ) for coastal stations of the Gulf of Gdańsk (mean 2.35 ng g −1 d.w.), but distinctly higher 4-NP levels were found in surface sediments at some open water stations of the western (up to 249 ng g −1 d.w. (Koniecko et al 2014 )) and northern parts of the Gulf of Gdańsk, i.e., Gdańsk Deep (up to 61 ng g −1 d.w. (Lubecki 2014 )). The sediment samples examined in this work were considerably less contaminated with 4-NPs than those collected from many coastal areas worldwide, e.g., Venice Lagoon (47–192 ng g −1 d.w. (Pojana et al 2007 )), Thau Lagoon in France (<2.8–70 ng g −1 d.w. (Hong et al 2009 )), Savannah River Estuary in the USA (<0.5–78 ng g −1 d.w. (Kumar et al 2008 )), Masan Bay in Korea (24–504 ng g −1 d.w. (Hong et al 2009 )), and the northeast coast of China (9–1000 ng g −1 d.w. (Wang et al 2010 )). Nevertheless, it should be emphasized that various analytical techniques were used for quantification of 4-NPs in the studies mentioned above.…”

Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis spp.) as sentinel organisms in coastal pollution monitoring: A review

“…Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (Vanharen et al, 1994;Bergen et al, 1996;Peven et al, 1996;Gilek et al, 1996a;Gilek et al, 1996b;Björk and Gilek, 1997;Hofelt and Shea, 1997;Björk and Gilek, 1999) (Gilek et al, 1997;Potrykus et al, 2003;Devier et al, 2005;Namiesnik et al, 2008) Miyata et al, 1989;Hektoen et al, 1994) (Miyata et al, 1987;Haynes et al, 1995;Gilek et al, 1997;Malmvarn et al, 2005;Lofstrand et al, 2010) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) (Gustafsson et al, 1999) (Johansson et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2009;Fernandes et al, 2009;Hong et al, 2009;Winnberg et al, 2014;Piersanti et al, 2015) Organotins (TBT, DBT) (Page et al, 1995;Folsvik et al, 2002;Devier et al, 2003;Harino et al, 2005) (Page et al, 1995;Devier et al, 2005;Ruiz et al, 2005;Namiesnik et al, 2008;Furdek et al, 2012) Organochlorine pesticides (Peven et al, 1996;Hofelt and Shea, 1997) (Milun et al, 2016) (Katagi, 2010)…”

“…) (Gowland et al, 2002;Gomez et al, 2012;Silva et al, 2016;Ricciardi et al, 2016;Norambuena-Subiabre et al, 2016) (Maruya et al, 2014) (Fabbri and Franzellitti, 2016) Alkylphenols (e.g. 4nonylphenol) (Ekelund et al, 1990;Gatidou et al, 2010;Vidal-Linan et al, 2015b;Ricciardi et al, 2016) (Ferrara et al, 2001;Hong et al, 2009;Dodder et al, 2014;Vidal-Linan et al, 2015b) (David et al, 2009) Nanoparticles and engineered nanomaterials (Koehler et al, 2008;Ward and Kach, 2009;Conway et al, 2012;Gomes et al, 2012;Wegner et al, 2012;Hull et al, 2013;Hu et al, 2014;Doyle et al, 2015;Rocha et al, 2015b;Rocha et al, 2016) (Baker et al, 2014;Doyle et al, 2015;Rocha et al, 2015c) Microplastics (Browne et al, 2008;von Moos et al, 2012;(Li et al, 2016;(Wright et al,…”

The Role of Sediments in Coastal Monitoring

“…Castells et al ., 2008). These markers, representing groups of similar compounds of organic contaminants, are studied by researchers and recommended for routine monitoring (Cardellichio et al ., 2006) and are useful for comparison of pollution at different locations (Hong et al ., 2009). Ratios of marker compounds applied for aromatic hydrocarbons (Cardellichio et al ., 2007) and halogenated compounds (Liu et al ., 2006;Moon et al ., 2007) indicate sources of pollution.…”

“…Romano et al ., 2009). And only the comparison of different case studies will facilitate drawing general conclusions on the key factors governing sources, fate, toxicity and past and future trends of contaminant abundance in the coastal marine environment (David et al ., 2009;Hou et al ., 2009;Nakata et al ., 2009).…”