PCR-based detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in urine of HIV-infected and uninfected pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Burkina Faso

Torrea, Gabriela

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.45688-0

Cited by 54 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The IS6110 sequence is specific for the M. tuberculosis complex (M. tuberculosis, M. africanum, M. bovis, M. microti and M. canetti) [18]. The sequence, which undergoes several inverted repeats in the bacterial chromosome, has been cloned and used for detection and for molecular epidemiological studies of the M. tuberculosis complex group [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of a DNA based PCR method with conventional methods for the detection of M. tuberculosis in Jos, Nigeria

Ani¹,

Okpe

Akambi³

et al. 2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Background: To achieve early diagnosis and effective treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, simple and sensitive methods that enhance the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) from clinical specimens are needed. This study compared the effectiveness and suitability of an insertion sequence (IS 6110) based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with conventional methods for the detection of M. tuberculosis from clinical specimens in a resource-limited setting. Methods: Sputa from 101 HIV-positive patients and 40 clinical specimens (sputa, gastic wash out, ascitic fluid, pleural fluid and cerebrospinal fluid) collected from children (HIV status unknown), all suspected for pulmonary tuberculosis at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, (JUTH) Nigeria, were examined by Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) smear microscopy, Lowenstein Jensen's (LJ) egg-based culture, and PCR methods for the detection of M. tuberculosis Results: Mycobacteria was detected in 45/101 (44.6%) of the specimens from the HIV-positive patients and comprised of 6% ZN

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the studies, however, were performed in non-endemic western countries with only a few [16] from some endemic nations of subSaharan Africa [17]. The IS6110 sequence is specific for the M. tuberculosis complex (M. tuberculosis, M. africanum, M. bovis, M. microti and M. canetti) [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of a DNA based PCR method with conventional methods for the detection of M. tuberculosis in Jos, Nigeria

Ani¹,

Okpe

Akambi³

et al. 2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…[36][37][38] For diagnosis of GUTB, although a high index for clinical suspicion is necessary, 39 PCR can be useful for cases in which bacteriologic and clinical diagnoses of TB are not conclusive. 40 We found PCR to be a very rapid diagnostic method for GUTB. It was sensitive, specific, and prevented waiting to initiate treatment because the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for ETB were 76, 84, 82, and 78%, respectively; on analyzing only urine samples sensitivity and NPV rose to 100%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical usefulness of the nested polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis

García-Elorriaga¹,

Gracida-Osorno²,

Carrillo-Montes³

et al. 2009

Salud pública Méx

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Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (ETB), as well as the impact of PCR results on clinical management. Materials and Methods. We conducted a study of nested PCR tests in 45 patients and a review of patient hospital files, calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Results. PCR was positive in 51% of cases; PCR sensitivity for diagnosing TB was 86%, specificity was 79%, PPV was 76%, and NPV was 88%. When solely analyzing urine samples, sensitivity and NPV increased to 100%. PCR exerted an influence on management in 27% of patients. Conclusions. PCR for rapid diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB has an adequate effect, which improves when performed on urine. The results of PCR exerted an acceptable impact on the clinical management of these patients.Key words: tuberculosis; extrapulmonary tuberculosis; polymerase chain reaction; nested polymerase chain reaction ResumenObjetivo. Evaluar la eficacia de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) anidada para el diagnóstico de tuberculosis extrapulmonar, así como el impacto de sus resultados en el manejo clínico. Material y métodos. Se realizó PCR anidada en 45 pacientes y se llevó a cabo la revisión de expedientes. Se calculó sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo (VPP) y valor predictivo negativo (VPN). Resultados. La PCR fue positiva en 51% de los casos, la sensibilidad fue de 86%, la especificidad de 79%, el VPP de 76% y el VPN de 88%. Al analizar solamente las muestras de orina, la sensibilidad y VPN se incrementaron a 100%. La PCR influyó en el manejo de 27% de los pacientes. Conclusiones. La PCR para el diagnóstico rápido de TB extrapulmonar tiene una eficacia adecuada, la cual mejora cuando se realiza en orina. El resultado de la PCR tuvo un impacto aceptable en el manejo clínico de estos pacientes.Palabras clave: tuberculosis; tuberculosis extrapulmonar; reacción en cadena de la polimerasa; reacción en cadena de la polimerasa anidada (

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“…Duplicates were excluded and, of the remaining 154 abstracts, 29 were eligible for full text assessment. Of these, eight studies 9,10,[14][15][16][17][18][19] were included for quantitative synthesis as depicted in the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) flow chart (Figure 1). 20 Eligible studies were conducted between 1993 and 2013 and included 1212 participants from seven countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three of these studies included both sputum-negative participants and healthy controls. [16][17][18] Two analyses were conducted, one in which both TB cases and controls had a sputum culture, and the second in which healthy individuals (who did not provide sputum) were included as controls. This latter analysis was retained because healthy individuals are not often able to produce sputum.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of nucleic acid amplification tests in urine for pulmonary tuberculosis: A meta-analysis

2015

Indian Journal of Tuberculosis

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OBJECTIVE-To determine the diagnostic accuracy of tuberculosis (TB) nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) in urine samples for individuals with active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).DESIGN-Systematic review and meta-analysis. Electronic databases and reference lists were searched without age or setting restrictions up to May 2015. Eligible articles examined Mycobacterium tuberculosis NAATs in urine samples for PTB diagnosis in patients with sputum culture as the reference standard, and reported sufficient data to separately calculate sensitivity or specificity.RESULTS-Eight studies, including 1212 participants from seven countries with a mean age ranging from 28 to 48 years, were included. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with insertion sequence (IS) 6110, rpoB or cfp32/hf6 as gene targets was used for NAATs. The pooled sensitivity and specificity was respectively 0.55 (95%CI 0.36-0.72) and 0.94 (95%CI 0.78-0.99), with slightly higher sensitivity in human immunodeficiency virus positive individuals, at 0.59 (95%CI 0.20-0.89). Sensitivity was higher in sputum microscopy-positive than -negative individuals. Storage temperatures below −70°C, centrifuge speed <5000 rpm and IS6110 increased sensitivity on meta-regression.Correspondence to: Diana Marangu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, P O Box 19676 -0202, Nairobi, Kenya. marangud@gmail.com. Conflicts of interest: none declared. HHS Public Access KeywordsNAAT; PCR; systematic review; meta-regression In 2013, it was estimated that there were 9 million incident tuberculosis (TB) cases globally, 3.3 million of whom were not diagnosed. 1 Urine nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) have potential for use in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), the most common form of TB worldwide. [2][3][4] The relative simplicity of urine collection could be ideal to address diagnostic challenges of active PTB, 5 and could be exploited in point-of-care (POC) testing of active PTB at all levels of health care, and potentially in households and the community. 6,7 In addition to being safer to handle, normal urine production yields frequent and relatively large amounts, making urine specimens convenient to obtain and easier to test in comparison to sputum. Children could benefit the most from urine NAATs for PTB diagnosis due to challenges in obtaining sputum samples, particularly from young children who cannot expectorate, and the paucibacillary nature of their disease. 5,8 With the advancement of molecular techniques and wider use of the NAAT Xpert ® MTB/RIF assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) in many high TB endemic countries, exploration of alternative samples such as urine for TB diagnosis is increasing due to its ease of collection and potential for decentralized implementation. 9,10 Cell-free nucleic acids released from dying human cells and Mycobacterium tuberculosis microorganisms may be filtered through the kidneys, resulting in the detection of trans-renal DNA fragments in urine. 6 Although the exact pathophysiological mech...

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PCR-based detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in urine of HIV-infected and uninfected pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Burkina Faso

Cited by 54 publications

References 13 publications

Comparison of a DNA based PCR method with conventional methods for the detection of M. tuberculosis in Jos, Nigeria

Comparison of a DNA based PCR method with conventional methods for the detection of M. tuberculosis in Jos, Nigeria

Clinical usefulness of the nested polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Diagnostic accuracy of nucleic acid amplification tests in urine for pulmonary tuberculosis: A meta-analysis

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