PCR‐based markers detect genetic variation at growth and immune function‐related loci in chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>)

Docker, Margaret F.; Heath, Daniel D.

doi:10.1046/j.1471-8286.2002.00315.x

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The YIAL population was founded with gametes from the Robertson Creek hatchery on Vancouver Island, and has been maintained since 1986. MHC diversity in the YIAL population is comparable to other populations of Chinook salmon, in which three to six alleles have been identified within a population (Miller & Withler 1996;Kim et al 1999;Docker & Heath 2002;Pitcher & Neff 2006). YIAL has eliminated the male sex chromosome through the use of hormonal sex-reversal in female XX salmon.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 51%

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Sexual conflict inhibits female mate choice for major histocompatibility complex dissimilarity in Chinook salmon

et al. 2009

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In many species females prefer major histocompatibility complex (MHC) dissimilar mates, which may improve offspring resistance to pathogens. However, sexual conflict may interfere with female preference when males attempt to mate with all females, regardless of compatibility. Here we used semi-natural spawning channels to examine how mating behaviour and genetic similarity at the MHC class II peptide binding region affected parentage patterns in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). We found that females directed aggression at more MHC-similar males than expected by chance, providing a possible mechanism of female MHC choice in salmon. Males also directed aggression towards MHC-similar females, which was consistent with males harassing unreceptive mates. Males' aggression was positively correlated with their reproductive success, and it appeared to overcome female aversion to mating with MHC-similar males, as females who were the target of high levels of male aggression had lower than expected MHC divergence in their offspring. Indeed, offspring MHC divergence was highest when the sex ratio was female-biased and male harassment was likely to be less intense. These data suggest that male harassment can reduce female effectiveness in selecting MHC-compatible mates, and sexual conflict can thus have an indirect cost to females.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Genotypes were determined for a 294 bp portion of the MHC class IIB gene (Docker & Heath 2002) using single strand conformational polymorphism (Amersham Biosciences) to identify unique banding patterns. Each unique pattern was then cloned from two individuals using a Promega pGEM-T easy vector kit and sequenced.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual conflict inhibits female mate choice for major histocompatibility complex dissimilarity in Chinook salmon

et al. 2009

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“…Primers were designed to amplify exons encoding the peptide binding region (PBR) located on the a 1 chain of the MHC class I and the ß 1 chain of the MHC class II. PCR was used to amplify each locus following the protocols outlined in Miller et al (1997) and Docker and Heath (2002). For both loci, PCR products were visualised using SSCP (single strand conformation polymorphism) electrophoresis on the Amersham-Biosciences SSCP system and gels were fixed and stained using a silver stain (GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences Corp., Piscataway, NJ, USA).…”

Section: Mhc Genotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

MHC-mediated local adaptation in reciprocally translocated Chinook salmon

2010

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Most Pacific salmonid populations have faced significant population declines over the past 30 years. In order to effectively conserve and manage these populations, knowledge of the evolutionary adaptive state of individuals and the scale of adaptation across populations is needed. The vertebrate major histocompatibility complex (MHC) represents an important adaptation to parasites, and genes encoding for the MHC are widely held to be undergoing balancing selection. However, the generality of balancing selection across populations at MHC loci is not well documented. Using Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from two populations, we follow the survival of full-sib family replicates reared in their natal river and reciprocally transplanted to a foreign river to examine selection and local adaptation at the MHC class I and II loci. In both populations, we found evidence of a survivorship advantage associated with nucleotide diversity at the MHC class I locus. In contrast, we found evidence that MHC class II diversity was disadvantageous in one population. There was no evidence that these effects occurred in translocated families, suggesting some degree of local adaptation at the MHC loci. Thus, our results implicate balancing selection at the MHC class I but potentially differing selection across populations at the class II locus.

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“…Both the MHC class I and II studied are likely functional because they are transcribed in closely related species including the Atlantic salmon Hordvik et al, 1993). We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify each locus following the protocols outlined in and Docker and Heath (2002). The MHC class I-A1 primers amplify either 222 or 228 bp, whereas the MHC class II-B1 primers amplify 213 bp.…”

Section: Mhc Genotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

MHC genetic structure and divergence across populations of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

2009

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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is thought to be under strong selection pressure because of its integral role in pathogen recognition. Consequently, patterns of MHC genetic variation should reflect selection pressures across the landscape. We examined genetic variation and population genetic structure at the MHC class I-A1 and class II-B1 exons in five Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) populations from two geographic regions in British Columbia, Canada. We then compared estimates of population structure at the MHC genes with neutral estimates based on microsatellites to examine the potential for local adaptation at the MHC. Chinook salmon are in decline throughout much of their native range and understanding the degree of local adaptation exhibited by the MHC may be important in conservation planning. Comparisons among populations yielded higher G 0 ST estimates for the MHC class I than expected under neutrality based on the microsatellites. In contrast, the MHC class II tended to exhibit lower G 0 ST values than did the microsatellites. These results suggest that across populations unique selection pressures are driving allele frequency differences at the MHC class I but that the MHC class II may be the subject of homogenizing selection. Rates of nonsynonymous versus synonymous substitutions found in codons associated within the MHC class I and II peptide-binding regions provided strong evidence of positive selection. Together, these results support the hypothesis that selection is influencing genetic variation at the MHC, but suggest that selection pressures may vary at the two classes of loci both at the sequence and population levels.

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PCR‐based markers detect genetic variation at growth and immune function‐related loci in chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Sexual conflict inhibits female mate choice for major histocompatibility complex dissimilarity in Chinook salmon

Sexual conflict inhibits female mate choice for major histocompatibility complex dissimilarity in Chinook salmon

MHC-mediated local adaptation in reciprocally translocated Chinook salmon

MHC genetic structure and divergence across populations of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

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