PCR Detection and Evidence of Shedding of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Boar Semen

Larochelle, Renée; Bielański, A.; Müller, Peter; Magar, Ronald

doi:10.1128/jcm.38.12.4629-4632.2000

Cited by 120 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the sero-positive boars at the AI-station point out a plausible route of how PCV-2 was introduced into the herd. Indeed, PCV-2 DNA has been detected in semen of experimentally infected boars (Larochelle et al, 2000). Further, transmission of virus via semen has been shown for chicken anaemia virus (Hoop, 1993) which is another Circoviridae family member.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exudative epidermitis and porcine circovirus-2 infection in a Swedish SPF-herd

Wattrang

McNeilly

Allan

et al. 2002

Veterinary Microbiology

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An outbreak of exudative epidermitis (EE) among piglets in a Swedish SPF-herd initiated a survey for indications as to the cause of disease. The herd was established by caesarean section and has been closed to all new animal material, with the exception of semen for artificial insemination (AI). The study comprised serum samples from the SPF-herd over a 10-year period (n=109) and a close monitoring of animals in the herd during the period after the EE outbreak. Serum samples from conventional boars at the AI-station servicing the herd were also included (n=9). All serum samples were tested for antibodies to porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2). In addition, 3-week-old piglets from three litters (n=24) farrowed close after the initial EE outbreak were closely monitored for clinical signs of skin disease, sampled for Staphylococcus hyicus, tested for antibodies to porcine parvovirus and in sequentially collected serum samples tested for interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and interleukin-6. The PVC-2 serology showed that animals in the herd were sero-negative at least until 2 months prior to the EE outbreak. During the period close after the EE outbreak the animals showed varying levels of antibodies to PCV-2 but all the tested animals had sero-converted 4 months later. The AI boars were also sero-positive to PCV-2 at the time of the EE outbreak. Animals in the SPF-herd remained sero-positive to PCV-2 during the following 7 years. In the monitored litters, one piglet had clinical EE and 15 piglets displayed defined erythemas on the abdomen. Fourteen of the piglets also had IFN-alpha in serum on one or more occasions during the study, indicating viral activity among the animals. S. hyicus was isolated from all of the piglets from the earliest sampling point (3 days of age) and onwards, irrespective of clinical signs. PCV-2 was isolated from lymph node tissue collected from one of the EE affected pigs.Further, increases in the number of stillborn piglets, small litters (<6 piglets) and repeat breeders could be correlated to the time of PCV-2 sero-conversion. Coincidence of active viral infection and sero-conversion to PCV-2 points to the virus as the cause of the EE outbreak and reproductive disturbances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exudative epidermitis and porcine circovirus-2 infection in a Swedish SPF-herd

Wattrang

McNeilly

Allan

et al. 2002

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…Recently, a new strain of porcine circovirus, named porcine circovirus type 2, has been found in pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) [Rodriguez-Arrioja et al, 1999;Allan and Ellis, 2000;Ellis et al, 2000a;Larochelle et al, 2000]. PMWS most frequently affects 5-to 12-week-old piglets and is characterized by progressive weight loss, jaundice, and respiratory signs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring for potentially xenozoonotic viruses in New Zealand pigs

Garkavenko¹,

Muzina²,

Muzina³

et al. 2003

Journal of Medical Virology

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Shortage of human donor organs for transplantation has prompted evaluation of animals as an alternative donor source. Pigs are the most acceptable candidate animals but issues of xenozoonozes remain. Despite careful monitoring of high-health-status (HHS) pigs, there is still a risk that their tissues may carry infectious agents. Furthermore, pathogens which are significant in xenotransplantation are not necessarily those of veterinary importance. The detection of these potentially transmissible infectious agents may require the development and application of new surveillance technologies. We present data on monitoring for five potentially xenotic viruses in New Zealand pig herds, namely pig cytomegalovirus (PCMV), pig lymphotropic herpesvirus (PLHV), encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), pigcircovirus (PCV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV). These five viruses are either potentially oncogenic, establish persistent infection, or are known to be zoonotic. This study has expanded significantly the information on porcine viruses in New Zealand. Using this information, it is now possible to complete protocols for monitoring pig herds and tissues prior to their use in xenotransplantation. The study resulted in selection of a possible source herd for swine-to-human islet transplantation.

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“…Therefore, nested PCR (nPCR) assays were developed and applied to detect PCV-2 for those samples. 9,12 Distinguishing between PCV-2a and PCV-2b is difficult and time consuming. PCV-2 genotypes have been classified by several methods, including viral genomic sequencing, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, real-time PCR assay, and genotype-specific PCR (Gagnon et al: 2007, PCV2 strain variation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay to Differentiate Between Two Genotypes of Porcine Circovirus-2

Lyoo

Kim

Joo³

2008

J VET Diagn Invest

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Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) is associated with several diseases in pigs, including postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). A new genotype of PCV-2 was isolated from swine farms with and without clinical PMWS in North America. The new genotype was differentiated in a separate cluster by phylogenetic analyses and is now named PCV-2b compared with PCV-2a for the previously known genotype. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) assay to detect and differentiate between PCV-2a and PCV-2b. Genotype-specific primer sets were designed by using sequence data published for different PCV-2 strains. Specificity and sensitivity of the nPCR were examined by using PCV-2 isolates with known genotype. Nested PCR was found to be highly specific and sensitive for detecting and differentiating between the PCV-2 genotypes compared with the conventional 1-step PCR assay. Nested PCR was applied to detect PCV-2 and to identify the genotype in serum samples from swine farms with and without a clinical history of PMWS. Of 60 serum samples collected from 4 farms during clinical PMWS outbreaks, PCV-2a and PCV-2b were detected in 6 and 49 samples, respectively. Six of the 10 samples from one of the 4 farms had both PCV-2a and PCV-2b. Of 20 serum samples from 2 farms without PMWS, 11 were positive for PCV-2a only. These results suggest that the differential nPCR can be used to detect PCV-2 and to differentiate the 2 genotypes from field samples.

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PCR Detection and Evidence of Shedding of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Boar Semen

Cited by 120 publications

References 20 publications

Exudative epidermitis and porcine circovirus-2 infection in a Swedish SPF-herd

Exudative epidermitis and porcine circovirus-2 infection in a Swedish SPF-herd

Monitoring for potentially xenozoonotic viruses in New Zealand pigs

Evaluation of a Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay to Differentiate Between Two Genotypes of Porcine Circovirus-2

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