PCR-RFLP molecular confirmation of color dilution alopecia in dogs in Brazil

Caramalac, Silvana Marques; Babo-Terra, Veronica Jorge; Ramos, Carlos A. N.; Palumbo, Mariana Isa Poci

doi:10.1177/10406387211022309

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Mutation in the melanophilin (MLPH) gene has been considered as a potential cause for this condition (3). CDA has been reported in Yorkshire Terriers, but also in Doberman pinschers and Dachshunds (2,3,9). Affected dogs develop hypotrichosis restricted to dark-haired regions associated with brittle and easily shed hair leading to alopecia (1,4,8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color dilution alopecia in a Yorkshire

Magalhães¹,

Pinto²

2022

BJVP

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A 1-year-old female Yorkshire terrier was presented to the clinic for a second opinion regarding its poor hair coat condition. According to the owner, the dog has been showing that appearance since the moment it was adopted, at 8 months of age. The owner also mentioned that the dog’s father had a similar fur appearance. External deworming was regularly administered to this dog, and oral fluralaner (Bravecto™) was given at the time of its presentation. No other clinical signs were reported. A complete physical examination was performed, with emphasis on skin and fur assessment. The main findings were the presence of extensive areas of hypotrichosis and alopecia, affecting only dark-haired regions, mainly in the dorsal region, neck and on the outer surface of both pinnae (Figures 1 and 2). The presence of seborrhea and small papules compatible with superficial folliculitis were also identified. No other abnormalities were detected during the remaining examination. The complete blood count and serum biochemistry, including total circulating thyroxine (tT4) were unremarkable. Deep skin scraping and dermatophyte culture were also performed, but both tests were negative for the presence of ectoparasites and fungi, respectively. Finally, the hair follicles from the lesion areas were pulled out and evaluated under a microscope using the trichogram technique. Baths with an anti-seborrheic and anti-microbial shampoo were prescribed, but although seborrhea and folliculitis were quickly controlled with this topical treatment, the alopecic areas remained and no signs of hair regrowth was observed in the following dermatological reassessments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color dilution alopecia in a Yorkshire

Magalhães¹,

Pinto²

2022

BJVP

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“…Trichograms, showing numerous macromelanosomes within the hair shaft leading to irregularities and distortion, and skin biopsies with histopathology exhibiting dilated hair follicles filled with keratin, hair shafts, free melanin, and abnormal melanin clumps in the epidermis and hair follicles, are important diagnostic tools. Commercially available DNA tests targeting the Ras-related protein Rab-27 (RAB27) or malanophilin (MLPH) are now also available [ 14 , 18 , 142 , 144 ]. There is no specific treatment, and trauma as well as intense UV-light exposure should be avoided [ 14 , 18 , 144 ].…”

Section: Skin Diseases In Brachycephalic Breeds That Are Not Directly...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Colour Dilution Alopecia (CDA)/Black Hair Follicular Dysplasia/Follicular Dysplasia (FD) These dermatopathies are reported in both brachycephalic and non-brachycephalic dog breeds, including Chihuahuas, Yorkshire Terriers, Shih Tzus, Boxers, Boston Terriers, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, and blue Chow Chows [14,[18][19][20][21][22][23]. The disease is inherited by an autosomal-recessive trait with singular or multiple mutations within or near the melanophilin gene [142,143]. Melanin precursors with cytotoxic effects and abnormal pigment clumps in the epidermis, hair shaft, hair follicle, and hair matrix lead to bulging and fracture of the hair cuticle and therefore alopecia [144].…”

Section: Congenital Alopeciamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatological Problems of Brachycephalic Dogs

Hobi

Barrs

Bęczkowski

2023

Animals

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Brachycephalic dogs are not only affected by brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), but are also frequently referred to veterinary dermatologists for skin conditions, with English bulldogs and pugs particularly over-represented. Some skin diseases, such as skin fold dermatitis, are directly associated with the abnormal anatomic conformation of brachycephalic dogs, while for others, such as atopic dermatitis and viral pigmented plaques, there is an underlying genetic basis or a general predisposition. Anatomic alterations associated with brachycephaly, leading to fold formation of the skin and stenosis of the ear canal, together with primary immunodeficiencies described in some breeds, favor the development of pyoderma, Malassezia dermatitis, and otitis externa/media. In addition, the frequently neglected but often lifelong dermatological problems of brachycephalic dogs are an important consideration when discussing genetic and medical conditions affecting the welfare of those dogs. Here we review the current state of knowledge concerning dermatological problems in brachycephalic dogs and combine it with clinical experience in the management of these challenging disorders.

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Dermatological Problems of Brachycephalic Dogs

Hobi¹,

Barrs²,

Bęczkowski³

2023

Preprint

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Brachycephalic dogs are not only affected by brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), but also comprise up to 30% of canine patients seen by veterinary dermatologists, with English Bulldogs and Pugs particularly overrepresented. Some skin diseases are associated with the abnormal anatomic conformation of brachycephalic dogs, while for others there is a underlying genetic basis or a general predisposition. Anatomic alterations associated with brachycephaly, leading to fold formation of the skin and stenosis of the ear canal, together with primary immunodeficiencies described in some breeds, favor the development of pyoderma, Malassezia dermatitis and otitis externa/media. Frequently neglected but often lifelong dermatological problems of brachycephalic dogs are an important consideration when discussing genetic and medical conditions affecting the welfare of those dogs. Here we review the current state of knowledge concerning dermatological problems of brachycephalic dogs, and combine it with clinical experience in the management of these challenging disorders.

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PCR-RFLP molecular confirmation of color dilution alopecia in dogs in Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Color dilution alopecia in a Yorkshire

Color dilution alopecia in a Yorkshire

Dermatological Problems of Brachycephalic Dogs

Dermatological Problems of Brachycephalic Dogs

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