PdO-Nanoparticle-Embedded Carbon Nanotube Yarns for Wearable Hydrogen Gas Sensing Platforms with Fast and Sensitive Responses

Abstract

Hydrogen (H2) gas has recently become a crucial energy source and an imperative energy vector, emerging as a powerful next-generation solution for fuel cells and biomedical, transportation, and household applications. With increasing interest in H2, safety concerns regarding personal injuries from its flammability and explosion at high concentrations (>4%) have inspired the development of wearable pre-emptive gas monitoring platforms that can operate on curved and jointed parts of the human body. In this study, a yarn-type hydrogen gas sensing platform (HGSP) was developed by biscrolling of palladium oxide nanoparticles (PdO NPs) and spinnable carbon nanotube (CNT) buckypapers. Because of the high loading of H2-active PdO NPs (up to 97.7 wt %), when exposed to a flammable H2 concentration (4 vol %), the biscrolled HGSP yarn exhibits a short response time of 2 s, with a high sensitivity of 1198% (defined as ΔG/G 0 × 100%). Interestingly, during the reduction of PdO to Pd by H2 gas, the HGSP yarn experienced a decrease in diameter and corresponding volume contraction. These excellent sensing performances suggest that the fabricated HGSP yarn could be applied to a wearable gas monitoring platform for real-time detection of H2 gas leakage even over the bends of joints.

Growth, Characterization, and Application of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes Using the RF-Magnetron Sputtering Method

“…As advanced materials with excellent physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, one-dimensional nanostructures have received incredible attention and applications in recent decades. , Among these structures, carbon-based nanostructures such as carbon nanocapsules, nanohorns, nanofibers, nanospheres, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are preferred due to their unique crystal structure and flexibility. , Compared to the structures listed above, CNTs are distinguished by their typical characteristics, which, since their discovery in 1991, have not lost their unique role in nanotechnologies . High flexibility, elasticity, high surface area, excellent mechanical, tunable electrical, and ballistic transport properties make them the most promising nanostructures applicable in micro- and optoelectronics, high-speed memory devices, storage battery electrodes, sensor devices, and other related fields. − …”

“… 5 High flexibility, elasticity, high surface area, excellent mechanical, tunable electrical, and ballistic transport properties make them the most promising nanostructures applicable in micro- and optoelectronics, high-speed memory devices, storage battery electrodes, sensor devices, and other related fields. 6 − 10 …”

Damage Monitoring of Braided Composites Using CNT Yarn Sensor Based on Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm

“…Son, W. et al [ 28 ] developed a yarn-type hydrogen gas-sensing platform (HGSP) by combining palladium oxide nanoparticles (PdO NPs) and spinnable CNT buckypapers. The results show that the biscrolled HGSP yarn exhibits a rapid response time and high sensitivity to flammable H 2 concentrations, and it can even detect H 2 gas leakage in curved and jointed areas in real time.…”