PDTM-24. The Proteogenomics of Medulloblastoma

Anti-cancer mechanisms of action of therapeutic alternating electric fields (tumor treating fields [TTFields])

“…Additionally, TTFields is safe, and the most common side effect that was observed in vivo and in various clinical trials was mild to moderate dermatitis underlying the electrode transducer arrays, which can be managed with slight repositioning of the arrays or topical corticosteroids ( Salzberg et al., 2008 ; Stupp et al., 2012 , 2015 , 2017 ; Pless et al., 2013 ; Mrugala et al., 2014 ; Kesari et al., 2017 ; Zhu et al., 2017 ; Taphoorn et al., 2018 ; Vergote et al., 2018 ; Ceresoli et al., 2019 ; Lu et al., 2019 ; Rivera et al., 2019 ; Bokstein et al., 2020 ; Lacouture et al, 2020 ; Shi et al., 2020 ; Song et al., 2020 ; Wu et al., 2020 , 2021 ; Kim et al., 2020a ; Nour et al., 2021 ). Due to the survival benefits and minimal side effects of TTFields observed in clinical trials thus far ( Supplementary Table S4 ), additional pre-clinical investigations and clinical trials are currently underway with an aim to understand the efficacy of this novel therapeutic modality in various cancer types including nGBM and NSCLC brain metastases in pediatric and adult patients ( Johnson et al., 2017 ; Lau et al., 2017 ), hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma, and gastric adenocarcinoma ( https://www.novocure.com ). Understanding the cancer-specific MOAs of TTFields will be crucial in the rational design of combination strategies for various cancer types.…”

“…There are some contraindications to the use of TTFields in patients with cancer. For example, patients with GBM who wish to use TTFields must be ≥ 22 years of age [it is currently being studied in the pediatric population ( Johnson et al., 2017 ; Lau et al., 2017 )] and not have implanted medical devices, skull defects, or bullet fragments.…”