PDU Bundling and Replication for Reduction of Distributed Simulation Communication Traffic

Vargas, Juan; DeMara, Ronald F.; Georgiopoulos, Michael; González, Avelino J.; Marshall, Henry Rutgers

doi:10.1177/875647930400100304

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Lee's PhD dissertation [40] discusses the effect of quantization in distributed DEVS/High-level Assembly (HLA) environments. In addition, communication latency and an overhead reduction technique in distributed interactive simulation are introduced through an approach of bundling the Protocol Data Unit (PDU) [41].…”

Section: Distributed Discrete Event System Specification Models and Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Web-based Distributed Network Analyzer using a System Entity Structure over a Service-oriented Architecture

2009

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As a network's uses, and especially the number of internet users, increases rapidly, an efficient system for managing large-network traffic datasets becomes an important issue. Although there are several network traffic analysis tools, such as tcpdump, Ethereal, and other applications, these tools have weaknesses, namely the limited size of files, the use of command line execution, the large memory and huge computational power requirements. In addition to these scalability limitations, both tcpdump and Ethereal have security issues. Files captured by these tools keep all of the packet information, such as internet protocol (IP) addresses, port numbers, and packet sizes. As well as basic network traffic information, the captured files contain secure information: user identification numbers (IDs) and passwords. Therefore, the captured files should not be allowed to be leaked out. However, network analyses need to be performed outside the target networks in some cases. This paper presents an approach to efficiently and quickly analyze a large number of network behaviors. This is achieved by applying System Entity Structure (SES) theory. To speed up evaluation time, a web-based distributed simulation approach over Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) is applied. Discrete Event System Specification/Service-oriented Architecture (DEVS/SOA) is used to deploy workloads into multi-servers, increasing overall system performance. A web-based distributed simulation contains two fundamental processes: distributing and analyzing among loosely coupled models through message-passing methods. The distributed simulation -allocating distributing models inside networks and assigning analyzing models outside networks -also allows the analysis of network behaviors out of networks while keeping important information secured.

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Section: Distributed Discrete Event System Specification Models and Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Web-based Distributed Network Analyzer using a System Entity Structure over a Service-oriented Architecture

2009

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“…It sends the PDU as soon as the time gap elapses without bundling it. A third online method is based on a Neural Network (NN)used to predict the PDU type [12]. A neural network was trained to predict the type of the next PDU based on the recent history of past PDUs.…”

Section: Always-wait Always-send and Neural-network Online Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extraction is the inverse procedure of alloying. The formal definition of Packet Alloying follows, which is taken from [12] and is the basis for the bundling algorithm proposed in Section 3.2.…”

Section: Conjecture 31mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, there was a consideration about the performance of OTB simulations through the wireless and satellite connections. A network simulation of the traffic was conducted to determine the bandwidth requirements of military mission rehearsal activities while enroute to deployment [13,12,11,10]. In preparation for the simulation, a vignette was defined and run under OTB, capturing logged packets to be used as input data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation and analysis of PDU traffic bundled under packet alloying

Vargas-Morales

2007

Proceedings of the 4th International IFIP/ACM Latin American Conference on Networking

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Packet Alloying, a technique for the optimized bundling of packets, is proposed. It produces aggregations that preserve the internal Protocol Data Unit (PDU) format, allowing the resulting packets to be subjected to further bundling or compression by conventional techniques. Using logs from vignettes simulated by the OneSAF Testbed Baseline (OTB), a simulator is used to analyze PDU traffic over a wireless flying Local Area Network aboard airplanes, including a satellite and a ground station. Applying Packet Alloying during the simulation of an example vignette, a reduction in the magnitude of negative slack time from -75 to -9 seconds for the worst spike was achieved.Contributions of this research include the formalization of a selective PDU bundling scheme, and the study of different predictive algorithms for the next PDU. These results demonstrate the validity of packet optimizations for distributed simulation environments and other possible applications such as TCP/IP transmissions.

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Using Context-Based Neural Networks to Maintain Coherence Among Entities' States in a Distributed Simulation

González

Georgiopoulos

DeMara

2007

Journal of Defense Modeling & Simulation

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For entities to interact meaningfully in a distributed simulation environment, coherence among the entities' states must be maintained. Because continuous state updates for all entities in the simulation normally require large amounts of network bandwidth, motion equations (i.e., dead-reckoning models) are frequently used to reduce the number of communications updates. However, even with the use of such dead-reckoning models, networking and communications limitations still exist in currently fielded systems. An effective approach to reducing the communications requirements is achieved by replacing these predictive dead-reckoning models with neural networks. This paper presents the background and motivation for the research, the architecture and training algorithms of the networks, and the integration of the networks into a large-scale simulation environment. Quantitative measures from the experiments reveal that the use of neural networks can effectively reduce the number of communication updates required to maintain entity-state coherence. However, the neural networks may also be more difficult to scale than the currently used dead-reckoning algorithms.

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PDU Bundling and Replication for Reduction of Distributed Simulation Communication Traffic

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Web-based Distributed Network Analyzer using a System Entity Structure over a Service-oriented Architecture

Web-based Distributed Network Analyzer using a System Entity Structure over a Service-oriented Architecture

Simulation and analysis of PDU traffic bundled under packet alloying

Using Context-Based Neural Networks to Maintain Coherence Among Entities' States in a Distributed Simulation

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