Peace and personality: The relationship between the five-factor model’s personality traits and the Peace Attitude Scale.

Cavarra, Mauro; Canegallo, Virginia; Santoddì, Erika; Broccoli, Erika; Fabio, Rosa Angela

doi:10.1037/pac0000484

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This scale has been widely used since its publication in 1932 by Likert [4] and is supported by numerous handbooks, such as [5], which are important references in the study of attitudes. There are numerous quantitative studies of attitudes using a Likert scale [6][7][8], and, for purposes of this study, attitudes regarding mathematics [9][10][11][12]. However, when constructing the factors to be measured, the linearity of the scale is implicitly imposed, and it is assumed that all the items have the same weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring attitude towards mathematics using Likert scale surveys: The weighted average

et al. 2020

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In the research on mathematics education, numerous Likert-type instruments estimating attitudes toward mathematics are sometimes composed of factors with a high correlation, which can make it difficult to assign the statements from the scale to each estimated factor. Further, the measurement of attitudes is usually done by adding the scores but ignoring the existence of possible differences in the importance that each item can have in its factor estimation. A revision of the methodology for the study of attitudes toward mathematics for the correct validation of the instrument is carried out in this research, and an estimation of the factors of attitude is proposed using the calculation of the weighted average of scores based on the importance that each item has in the explanation of its factor, which is given by a structural equation model. This methodology has been applied to Auzmendi's scale of attitudes toward mathematics measurement in a sample of 1293 university students. The factors were estimated using simple and weighted averages; significant differences have been obtained in the measurements, as well on those shown with the organization proposed by Auzmendi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring attitude towards mathematics using Likert scale surveys: The weighted average

et al. 2020

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“…A significant portion of literature investigated the association between measures of peace and one of the most wellestablished models to describe human personality: the Big 5 model or Five Factor Personality Model (FFM; Costa and McCrae, 2013). Different studies found that peace attitudes were associated with: extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness (Eryilmaz, 2014); openness and agreeableness (Blumberg et al, 2017); and openness to experience, conscientiousness, emotional stability and agreeableness (Cavarra et al, 2020). Furthermore, relationships were found with measures of intrapersonal peace (Nelson, 2014), such as personality congruence and coherence (Sheldon and Kasser, 1995), selfacceptance (Ryff, 1989) and self-compassion (Leary et al, 2007;Neff et al, 2007) while being inversely correlated with negative affect, lower well-being, depression (Emmons and King, 1988), internal conflict (Higgins, 1987) and, ultimately, unpeaceful emotional states (Shallcross et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between parenting styles and peace attitudes

Canegallo

Broccoli

Cavarra

et al. 2020

JACPR

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Purpose Taking into account previous literature on the role that the parenting styles to which individuals are exposed to during childhood have in shaping prosocial behaviors and attitudes, this study aims to investigate the relationship between parenting styles of parents and peace attitudes. Design/methodology/approach The peace attitude and the parenting style questionnaires were completed by 358 adolescent and adult participants. Pearson correlation coefficients were extracted and a stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. Findings The results indicate that individuals with authoritative parents tend to show stronger peace attitudes and open the way to further study what parental characteristics may be responsible for the development of peace attitudes in individuals. Research limitations/implications Participants retrospectively assessed their parents’ style. Future research may recruit both the actual parents of participants to collect more accurate data on parenting practices or use observational methods. Social implications This work seems to suggest that to achieve a more peaceful society, the ability of parents to raise their children by adopting an authoritative style should be taken into account and – if needed – enhanced. Understanding the developmental pathways that can influence individuals to consistently choose peace is important to promote a stable culture of peace across several levels of observation. Originality/value To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the relationship between parenting styles of parents and peace attitudes in their children.

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“…Self-compassion can be thought as an aspect of intrapersonal peace because it reduces internal conflict: According to Neff (2003), it entails being kind and understanding toward oneself, perceiving one’s experiences as part of a larger human experience and holding painful thoughts in mindful awareness when individuals face difficult situations. Furthermore, research showed that peace attitudes are associated to personality dimensions such as conscientiousness, openness to experience, emotional stability and agreeableness (Cavarra, Canegallo, Santoddì, & Fabio, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

Development and preliminary evaluation of the Peace Attitudes Scale.

Broccoli¹,

Canegallo²,

Santoddì³

et al. 2021

Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology

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The peace construct has been observed by many theoretical perspectives (e.g., positive psychology, social psychology, international relations) and each contribution emphasized complementary aspects leading to different approaches to measurement and subdomain structure. Still, at present, no existing instrument provides a comprehensive assessment of these areas. The aim of this study is to contribute to the development, pilot testing, and initial validation of the Peace Attitude Scale (PAS), and to determine its psychometric properties, validity, and reliability. A total of 499 subjects were tested using items graded on a 7-point Likert scale. Validity analyses were performed using self-compassion subscales and by examining mean differences across people who did and did not engage in volunteering activities. Test-retest reliability was performed on 64 subjects. Results showed that, after an exploratory factor analysis, 5 domains appeared to be relevant: Sociopolitical, Personal Well-Being, Ease With Diversity, Environmental Attitude, and Caring. The PAS can be used to further assess the relationship between peace and other relevant variables. More research is needed first to confirm the validity of PAS and second to test its usefulness in educational and social settings. Public Significance StatementThe Peace Attitude Scale, a novel tool to measure individual peace attitudes, incorporates several domains that have been previously described in peace research. The paper presents this new instrument and provides a preliminary evaluation of its psychometric properties.

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Peace and personality: The relationship between the five-factor model’s personality traits and the Peace Attitude Scale.

Cited by 22 publications

References 8 publications

Measuring attitude towards mathematics using Likert scale surveys: The weighted average

Measuring attitude towards mathematics using Likert scale surveys: The weighted average

The relationship between parenting styles and peace attitudes

Development and preliminary evaluation of the Peace Attitudes Scale.

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