Peace data: Concept, measurement, patterns, and research agenda

Diehl, Paul F.; Goertz, Gary; Gallegos, Yahve

doi:10.1177/0738894219870288

Cited by 49 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…While we offer only a first stab at understanding how cyber and conventional conflict interact, future research can build on our efforts to investigate how this dynamic alters in different samples, or investigate how different types of COs are being used at different intensities, with different counterparts, during different levels of peace (Diehl, Goertz, and Gallegos 2019). Future research will further benefit by empirically studying a cross-substitution scenario in which state A uses COs in a previous period to degrade State B’s capabilities to engage in conventional warfare in subsequent period, reducing State B’s likelihood of engaging in conventional conflict in this period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting in Cyberspace: Internet Access and the Substitutability of Cyber and Military Operations

Kostyuk

Gartzke

2023

Journal of Conflict Resolution

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Pundits debate whether conflict in cyberspace is more likely to trigger or preempt conflict in other domains. We consider a third possibility. Rather than directly complementing or substituting for traditional forms of conflict, the Internet could separately affect both virtual and kinetic dispute behavior. Specifically, we argue that a country’s increasing Internet access causes it to engage in aggressive cyberspace behavior more often. At the same time, economic and social changes associated with the information age reduce the utility of pursuing more traditional forms of conflict. Cyberspace offers an attractive domain in which to shape the balance of power, interests, and information in a technological era, while territorial conquest has become somewhat anachronistic. We test our theory using an innovative estimation approach, applied to panel data on cyber versus conventional disputes. Our findings confirm this indirect substitutability between cyber and conventional conflict.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting in Cyberspace: Internet Access and the Substitutability of Cyber and Military Operations

Kostyuk

Gartzke

2023

Journal of Conflict Resolution

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“…Overall, 90% had begun within the first three decades after independence. This early onset should not be surprising, given the strong orientation toward spatial issues that often involve boundary questions 4 These problems notwithstanding, Diehl et al (2019) have suggested that the identification problem has been resolved by integrating rivalries identified with spatial density rules with rivalries identified by not applying spatial density rules (the other approach to rivalry identification). Their solution places rivalries that satisfy the spatial density criteria at the top and rivalries identified based on perceptual evidence are consigned to a lower position ("lesser rivalries") in the rivalry intensity ladder.…”

Section: Originsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, seeKisangani and Pickering (2014) for an alternative interpretation.16 See, in particular, the work led by ThomasVolgy (Cline et al 2011;Volgy et al 2017; Rhamey and Volgy 2018;Volgy et al 2020). One should also single out the non-regional work being done byGoertz et al (2016),Diehl et al (2019) that applies rivalry data to the question of peace in general, as opposed to regional pacification.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rivalry Types and Dynamics

Thompson

Sakuwa

Suhas

2021

Analyzing Strategic Rivalries in World Politics

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This chapter introduces a 14 chapter book on interstate rivalry typologies and selected rivalry dynamics. Emphasis is placed on positional and spatial rivalry types (as opposed to ideological and interventionary rivalries) but some attention is also given to principal rivalries. Following a relatively quick review of the evolution of explicit rivalry analysis in international politics, the contents of 13 following chapters are outlined. Five pertain to updating the strategic rivalry dataset to 2020 and a consideration of some of the issues revolving around spatial and positional rivalries. Another seven chapters focus on selected rivalry dynamics, ranging from geohistorical contexts to rivalry termination. The last chapter sums up the findings. Throughout the emphasis is placed on not treating all rivalries as if they are alike. They may share similarities but it is worthwhile to distinguish among the various types.The analysis of interstate rivalries is still a relatively new approach to studying conflict in world politics. The basic idea is that a disproportionate amount of interstate conflict is traceable to a very small number of state pairs that engage in recidivistic hostilities. Why should we waste time looking at pairs of states that never come into conflict? 1 Why not focus more on the recidivists? Yet we will argue later that all recidivists are not the same. So, even that starting point can be treacherous. But before we get to some of the complications, it would be best to provide an overview to the rivalry landscape. Seven analytical categories are reviewed. It is argued that we have good foundations in terms of rivalry origins, maintenance/escalation and termination/deescalation. We can certainly improve on the foundations be we also need to expand our understanding of rivalry types, "complexities," rivalry effects, and domestic rivalries. 1 The social science answer, of course, is that we need variance to make any explanatory headway. We are not challenging this basic truth. What we are challenging is the idea that we should begin our analyses with the assumption that all dyads are equally conflict-prone.Parts of this chapter are a modified version of William R. Thompson's earlier chapter, "Trends in the Analysis of Interstate Rivalries," originally published in Robert Scott and Stephen Kosslyn (Eds.) Emerging Trends in the Social and Behavioral Sciences (Wiley, Hoboken, 2015).

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“…Research into the occurrence and characteristics of armed conflicts at a global scale has greatly benefitted from categorizations of conflict type and intensity (Gleditsch, Wallensteen, Eriksson, Sollenberg, & Strand, 2002 ; Trinn & Wencker, 2018 ). These have enabled a better understanding of the factors driving the initiation and maintenance of armed conflict (Diehl, Goertz, & Gallegos, 2019 ), but also paved the way for the development of predictive models of conflict escalation and deescalation (Hegre, Karlsen, Nygård, Strand, & Urdal, 2013 ; 2019 ). Despite differences in the levels of violence involved, the development of conservation and armed conflicts share similarities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the intensity of conflicts in conservation

Cusack

Bradfer‐Lawrence

Baynham-Herd

et al. 2021

CONSERVATION LETTERS

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Conflicts between the interests of biodiversity conservation and other human activities pose a major threat to natural ecosystems and human well-being, yet few methods exist to quantify their intensity and model their dynamics. We develop a categorization of conflict intensity based on the curve of conflict, a model originally used to track the escalation and deescalation of armed conflicts. Our categorization assigns six intensity levels reflecting the discourse and actions of stakeholders involved in a given conflict, from coexistence or collaboration to physical violence. Using a range of case studies, we demonstrate the value of our approach in quantifying conflict trends, estimating transition probabilities between conflict stages, and modeling conflict intensity as a function of relevant covariates. By taking an evidence-based approach to quantifying stakeholder behavior, the proposed framework allows for a better understanding of the drivers of conservation conflict development across a diverse range of socioecological scenarios.

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Peace data: Concept, measurement, patterns, and research agenda

Cited by 49 publications

References 31 publications

Fighting in Cyberspace: Internet Access and the Substitutability of Cyber and Military Operations

Fighting in Cyberspace: Internet Access and the Substitutability of Cyber and Military Operations

Rivalry Types and Dynamics

Measuring the intensity of conflicts in conservation

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