Peak oxygen pulse during exercise as a predictor for coronary heart disease and all cause death

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of peak oxygen pulse, which is the amount of oxygen consumed per heart beat during exercise, and to compare the prognostic value of peak oxygen pulse and maximum oxygen uptake (V O 2max ) with respect to coronary heart disease (CHD) and overall death. Design: Prospective population-based study based on 1596 men without CHD or the use of b blockers at baseline. Results: The risk of CHD was 2.45 (95% CI 1.10 to 5.45) times higher in men with low peak oxygen pulse (, 13.5 ml/beat) than in those with high peak oxygen pulse (. 17.8 ml/beat) after adjustment for age, alcohol consumption, smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, serum lipids, diabetes, family history of CHD and ischaemic ST changes during exercise. During an average follow up of 14 years, 267 men died, 67 of them due to CHD. The respective risk for overall death was 1.79 (95% CI 1.21 to 2.65). The continuous variable V O 2max was a stronger risk predictor than peak oxygen pulse for CHD and overall death. Conclusions: Assessment of oxygen pulse provides no complementary information to V O 2max about cardiorespiratory fitness and prognosis for CHD. The analysis of respiratory gas exchange including the assessment of oxygen pulse during exercise does, however, provide an additional means for defining prognosis for patients with CHD.

Stability of relative oxygen pulse curve during repeated maximal cardiopulmonary testing in professional soccer players

“…O 2 pulse has been most commonly reported in the literature in absolute terms (mL O 2 /beat) (27)(28)(29)(30); however, VO 2 (and also cardiac output and stroke volume) depends on body dimensions and is directly proportional to the muscle mass involved in the exercise. Additionally, obese individuals have greater submaximal VO 2 values at the same exercise intensity than non-obese subjects (3).…”

Maximal exercise oxygen pulse as a predictor of mortality among male veterans referred for exercise testing

“…As VO 2 is the product of cardiac output and the arterio-venous O 2 content difference [C(a À V)O 2 ], O 2 pulse is in effect the oxygen consumed per heart beat. Although a few previous studies have investigated the prognostic value of maximal O 2 pulse in healthy participants and patients with heart failure [9][10][11], conflicting results have been observed. In addition, previous findings have not incorporated potentially important information such as the degree of chronotropic incompetence, use of b-blockers, and body proportions.…”

“…Despite the well-established value of peak VO 2 , a large body of research has been recently published regarding the prognostic value of other CPX variables. Responses such as the slope of the relationship between ventilation and carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO 2 slope) [6,7], the oxygen uptake efficiency slope [8], and maximal oxygen pulse (O 2 pulse) [9][10][11] have been shown to have complementary and even superior prognostic value to that of peak VO 2 . O 2 pulse (defined by dividing VO 2 by heart rate) is generally considered a reflection of cardiovascular efficiency during exercise.…”

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Improves Exercise Tolerance in Healthy Subjects

“…placebo and 16(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) TENS] and Tlim[19 (13-20) placebo and 18 (17-20) TENS] did not change using TENS in comparison to the placebo. Mechanical efficiency improved in both isotime and Tlim ( • ▶ Table 2 and • ▶Fig.…”

“…Oxygen pulse was calculated by dividing V . O 2 (mL/min) by HR (bpm) [14]. Exercise tolerance was measured as a limit of time and expressed in quartiles of isotime (i. e., the shortest Tlim between the 2 interventions of a given subject).…”