Peak torque angle, acceleration time and time to peak torque as additional parameters extracted from isokinetic test in professional soccer players: a cross-sectional study

Maciel, Daniel Germano; Dantas, Glauko André Figueirêdo; Cerqueira, Mikhail Santos; Barboza, Jean Artur Mendonça; Caldas, Vinícius Vieira de Alencar; Barros, Alef Cavalcanti Matias de; Varela, Ronan Romeno; Magalhães, Diego Helps; Vieira, Wouber Hérickson de Brito

doi:10.1080/14763141.2020.1784260

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…4) and hip moment arm (Table 1) as the hip flexes. Irrespective of hip flexion angle, the maximum knee flexion torque is centered around 30° of knee flexion (Table 5) and ranges between 0 and 45° of knee flexion during isometric [79, 127, 130, 145, 149, 150, 152-155, 158, 198-202] and 15-70° during isokinetic [20,24,128,153,158,192,[203][204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216][217][218][219][220][221] tests. Several studies have also shown that the maximum knee flexion torque occurred at more flexed knee angles when the hip was more flexed [127,144,145,206] which makes sense given that this would approximately maintain muscle length; i.e., the muscle length rather than the joint angles themselves appear to dictate muscle strength.…”

Section: Torque-angle Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hamstrings force-length relationships and their implications for angle-specific joint torques: a narrative review

Kellis

Blazevich

2022

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Temporal biomechanical and physiological responses to physical activity vary between individual hamstrings components as well as between exercises, suggesting that hamstring muscles operate differently, and over different lengths, between tasks. Nevertheless, the force-length properties of these muscles have not been thoroughly investigated. The present review examines the factors influencing the hamstrings’ force-length properties and relates them to in vivo function. A search in four databases was performed for studies that examined relations between muscle length and force, torque, activation, or moment arm of hamstring muscles. Evidence was collated in relation to force-length relationships at a sarcomere/fiber level and then moment arm-length, activation-length, and torque-joint angle relations. Five forward simulation models were also used to predict force-length and torque-length relations of hamstring muscles. The results show that, due to architectural differences alone, semitendinosus (ST) produces less peak force and has a flatter active (contractile) fiber force-length relation than both biceps femoris long head (BFlh) and semimembranosus (SM), however BFlh and SM contribute greater forces through much of the hip and knee joint ranges of motion. The hamstrings’ maximum moment arms are greater at the hip than knee, so the muscles tend to act more as force producers at the hip but generate greater joint rotation and angular velocity at the knee for a given muscle shortening length and speed. However, SM moment arm is longer than SM and BFlh, partially alleviating its reduced force capacity but also reducing its otherwise substantial excursion potential. The current evidence, bound by the limitations of electromyography techniques, suggests that joint angle-dependent activation variations have minimal impact on force-length or torque-angle relations. During daily activities such as walking or sitting down, the hamstrings appear to operate on the ascending limbs of their force-length relations while knee flexion exercises performed with hip angles 45–90° promote more optimal force generation. Exercises requiring hip flexion at 45–120° and knee extension 45–0° (e.g. sprint running) may therefore evoke greater muscle forces and, speculatively, provide a more optimum adaptive stimulus. Finally, increases in resistance to stretch during hip flexion beyond 45° result mainly from SM and BFlh muscles.

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Section: Torque-angle Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hamstrings force-length relationships and their implications for angle-specific joint torques: a narrative review

Kellis

Blazevich

2022

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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“…Direct comparison of the present knee extension and flexion values (Table 3) to other work is not possible because no other group has reported data using the knee isokinetic assessment procedure described here. The alternative, therefore, is to compare the present mean data to that reported for other knee isokinetic studies at 240°•sec -1 with different participants and different ranges-ofmotion (Table 6) (38,40,(74)(75)(76)(77)(78)(79)(80). Compared to the knee extension and flexion PT values in Table 6, the current values are generally similar or higher, respectively (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Specificity of isokinetic assessment in noncontact knee injury prevention screening: A novel assessment procedure with relationships between variables in amateur adult agility-sport athletes

Clark

Heebner

Lephart

et al. 2022

Physical Therapy in Sport

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“…Additionally, young players may not yet be strictly assigned to specific playing field positions. The specific position of the players on the field implies not only particular morphotypes but also specific isokinetic torque profiles [ 58 , 59 , 60 ]. Therefore, for future research, it is advisable to conduct similar measurements on groups of adult soccer players and those practicing other sports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between the Hamstring-to-Quadriceps Ratio and Jumping and Sprinting Abilities of Young Male Soccer Players

Diker

Struzik

Ön

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The correct torque ratio between the knee joint extensor and flexor muscle groups can effectively prevent injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament and hamstring strain. However, it is unclear whether a high torque ratio of the knee joint flexor muscles to the extensor muscles is beneficial for sport performance. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the hamstring-to-quadriceps (H/Q) ratio and sprint times (10- and 30-m) and jump heights (CMJ—countermovement jump and SJ—squat jump) in soccer players. The study examined 26 young elite soccer players (age: 18.1 ± 0.7 years; body height: 1.77 ± 0.05 m; body mass: 72.7 ± 5.7 kg). Knee joint flexor and extensor peak torques were assessed using the Cybex dynamometer (at 60°/s, 120°/s and 180°/s). Additionally, each participant performed the CMJ, SJ, and 30 m sprint. A significant relationship was obtained between the H/Q ratio (60°/s) and 30 m sprint time (r = 0.47). The positive direction of this relationship may indicate an important role of knee joint extensors in sprinting performance. Moreover, the H/Q ratio was not significantly associated with the CMJ, SJ or 10 m sprint performance. The H/Q ratio should be considered together with the peak torque values in terms of the assessment of sprinting and jumping performance.

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Peak torque angle, acceleration time and time to peak torque as additional parameters extracted from isokinetic test in professional soccer players: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Hamstrings force-length relationships and their implications for angle-specific joint torques: a narrative review

Hamstrings force-length relationships and their implications for angle-specific joint torques: a narrative review

Specificity of isokinetic assessment in noncontact knee injury prevention screening: A novel assessment procedure with relationships between variables in amateur adult agility-sport athletes

The Relationship between the Hamstring-to-Quadriceps Ratio and Jumping and Sprinting Abilities of Young Male Soccer Players

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