Pearl millet utilization in ccommercial laying hen diets formulated on a total or digestible amino acid basis

Abstract

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of replacing corn with pearl millet in commercial layer diets, formulated according to the minimal requirements for total and digestible amino acids. Two hundred and forty Lohmann LSL laying hens with 25 weeks of age were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design according to a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement with 3 replicates of 8 birds. Feed was formulated on two amino acid basis (total or digestible) according to Rostagno et al. (2000) and there were five pearl millet inclusion levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). Performance and egg quality were evaluated during five periods of 21 days.At the end of each period, feed intake, egg production, egg weight and feed conversion were evaluated. In the last three days of each period, the following egg quality parameters were evaluated: Haugh Unit, yolk pigmentation index, egg specific weight, shell percentage and shell thickness. Digestible amino acid requirements resulted in decreased feed intake (p<0.01) and increased production costs per mass of eggs (kg) or per dozen eggs (p<0.01) compared to total amino acid requirements. There was a linear reduction in feed intake, egg production, egg weight and yolk pigmentation index with increasing inclusion levels of pearl millet. Therefore, increasing levels of replacement of corn by pearl millet affected bird performance negatively. Besides, production costs were higher with increasing pearl millet levels

Effect of Substitution Millet Energy Instead of Yellow Corn Energy on Growth and Production Diet in Partridge

“…interaction between substitution and age treatments had the same effect in higher egg production for control and 30% substitution treatment for early ages of laying eggs 25-28 weeks of age and then the production decrease for the rest of the ages for all treatments. We found the same effect on HD%, the means for the four treatments (26.07, 18.40, 23.10, and 18.70), respectively with the same significant difference, These results were inconsistent with [15], in laying hens, while this finding was consistent with findings [8,10,15]. The decrease in the number of eggs by increasing the substitution of millet in the diet and this is likely due to the high percentage of fiber in the millet diet, which leads to an increase in the speed of food passage in the gut and less benefit from it [16].…”

“…There was no significant difference between control and millet substitution treatments for weight gain (33.75, 35.65, 35.94 and 34.69) g respectively, these results were agreed with [13], in broiler at 14 and 21 days old and [15], in laying hens. There was a significant increase (P <0.05) of FC /bird/week for substitution treatment 30% on control treatment and a numerical increase on the other two millet substitution treatments, control, and substitution treatments means (66.80, 74.63, 80.27 and 74.41) g / bird/week respectively, These results were not agreed with [13], in broiler at ages 14 and 21 days and [10,15], in laying hens. There was no significant effect of millet substitution treatments 20%, 30%, and 40% in FCR, these results were agreed with [13], in broiler chicks at ages 14 and 21 days.…”

“…The millet Pennistum glaucum is often called (nutritional grain) because of its rich nutritional content compared to other types of grains such as wheat, rice, or corn, for example. Using millet in dietary patterns to significantly improve human and animal health, millet is one of the first plants grown in Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia, it is considered by farmers as a basic and traditional crop, it is one of the species that resist and endures many crop diseases and pests and can survive under Inappropriate weather conditions [10][11][12], Millet contains 3000 -3640 kcal/kg energy and 7.7 -12.5% raw protein, millet cereal is nutritionally similar to corn and can be feed substitutes [13].…”

Determinação da composição química e energética do milheto e sua utilização em rações para frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade

“…A energia do milheto é relativamente alta, em razão do seu maior conteúdo de óleo em comparação ao do milho, do trigo e do sorgo (Luis et al, 1982;Hill & Hanna, 1990;Haydon & Hobbs, 1991;Adeola et al, 1994). De acordo com Filardi et al (2005), o milheto contém aproximadamente 85% do conteúdo energético do milho. Mogyca et al (1994) testaram diversos níveis de milheto em substituição ao milho em rações para frangos de corte e concluíram que esse grão constitui boa fonte de energia para frangos de corte.…”

Agronomic performance of improved pearl millet cultivars in southern Chad

“…According to Izge et al (2007), it is a nutritious crop, producing almost all the required nutrients needed by humans. Filardi et al (2005) reported that pearl millet produces higher protein levels than maize and have approximately 85% of energy content of maize.…”