Pearls &amp; Oy-sters: Ocular ischemic syndrome

Fernández‐Torrón, Roberto; Palma, Jose‐Alberto; Pagola, Inmaculada

doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182698d14

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…ICAS can cause an insufficient supply of blood to the ophthalmic artery (Kawaguchi et al 2006; Fernandez‐Torron et al 2012). Previous studies have shown that a reduced blood volume leads to thinning of the retinal vessels (Alnawaiseh et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retinal vessel oxygen saturation in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery stenosis: a pilot study

Zhang

Zou

et al. 2020

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Purpose To investigate the retinal vessel oxygen saturation in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS). Methods This is a cross‐sectional study. Sixteen patients with unilateral moderate or worse ICAS (≥50%) and no fundus diseases were included in the study. Sixteen gender‐ and age‐matched healthy subjects were selected as controls. The mean oxygen saturation and vessel diameters of the retinal arterioles and venules were obtained using a dual‐wavelength spectrophotometric retinal oximeter. Results In the eye of the stenotic side, the retinal vessel oxygen saturation was 100.14 ± 10.27% in the arterioles and 56.50 ± 10.79% in the venules, and the arteriovenous (A‐V) difference was 43.63 ± 7.71%. In the eye of the contralateral side, the oxygen saturation was 96.55 ± 7.50% in the arterioles and 57.42 ± 9.84% in the venules, and the A‐V difference was 39.39 ± 6.33%. In healthy subjects, the oxygen saturation was 93.22 ± 5.98% in the arterioles and 56.57 ± 7.05% in the venules, and the A‐V difference was 36.65 ± 7.33%. The arteriolar oxygen saturation in the stenotic side was higher than that in the contralateral side (p = 0.025) and that in the healthy subjects (p = 0.027), and the A‐V difference in the stenotic side was significantly higher than that in the contralateral side (p = 0.009) and that in the healthy subjects (p = 0.013). The diameters of the arterioles in the stenotic side were smaller than those in the healthy subjects (p = 0.030). Conclusions Patients with ICAS had decreased retinal arteriole diameters and increased retinal vessel oxygen saturation in the arterioles and A‐V differences, suggesting the presence of microcirculation disorder and hyperoxia in the retina.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carotid artery stenosis and plaques are closely related to retinal artery occlusion (Miyazawa et al 2011) and retinal venous occlusion (Matsushima et al 2007). When the degree of carotid artery stenosis exceeds 90%, it may cause ocular ischaemic syndrome and neovascular glaucoma (Fernandez‐Torron et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal vessel oxygen saturation in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery stenosis: a pilot study

Zhang

Zou

et al. 2020

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…We analyse that the possible reason is that insufficient blood supply of ophthalmic artery caused by ICA stenosis caused decrease of retinal blood perfusion and decrease of perfusion pressure, leading to retinal artery contraction, then apoptosis of ganglion cells and cone and rod cells sensitive to ischemic injury, finally resulting in decreased MS. Previous study has shown that ICA stenosis can lead to insufficient blood supply to the ophthalmic artery [ 25 ]. Furthermore, bilateral common carotid artery occlusion model rats showed the perfusion of the eyes continued to reduced [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of retinal structure and function in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis

Wang

et al. 2022

BMC Ophthalmol

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Background To investigate the structural and functional changes of the retina in patients with different degrees of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. Methods This cross-sectional study included patients with varying degrees ICA stenosis. Clinical characteristics of 41 patients were collected after being divided into four groups according to the ICA stenosis indicated by computed tomographic angiography (Group 0: without ICA stenosis, Group 1: ipsilateral slight ICA stenosis, Group 2: ipsilateral moderate ICA stenosis, Group 3: ipsilateral severe ICA stenosis). Retinal vessel caliber (RVC) was measured quantitatively with the Integrative Vessel Analysis software. The retinal sensitivity was examined with the MP-3 microperimeter. The relationships among central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE), central retinal vein equivalent, arteriole to venule ratio (AVR), mean retinal sensitivity (MS) and ICA stenosis degree were analysed. Results The CRAE in Group 3 were significantly smaller compared with Group 0, Group 1 and Group 2 (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.002). Significant decrease was found between Group 3 with other groups in MS at fovea (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.002). Moreover, there was a positive correlation found between MS and CRAE (Beta = 0.60, P < 0.001 at fovea; Beta = 0.64, P < 0.001 at 2 degree; Beta = 0.60, P < 0.001 at 4 degree; Beta = 0.55, P < 0.001 at 8 degree; Beta = 0.53, P < 0.001 at 12 degree). Conclusions The present study revealed smaller CRAE and AVR in ipsilateral severe ICA stenosis patients. And the MS decreased in patients with severe ICA stenosis. In addition, MS had a positive correlation with CRAE.

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Pearls & Oy-Sters: Ocular ischemic syndrome

Venketasubramanian¹,

Palma²,

Kusuma³

et al. 2012

Neurology

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Ocular ischemic syndrome," Dr. Venketasubramanian questions the use of the Valsalva maneuver over breath-holding to assess cerebrovascular reserve and points out a possible error in the text of the article. The authors explain their methodology and agree with his correction. Dr. Sethi and author Tenney discuss Rasmussen encephalitis as another differential diagnosis in the case of a 21-month old boy with hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia-epilepsy.

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Pearls & Oy-sters: Ocular ischemic syndrome

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Retinal vessel oxygen saturation in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery stenosis: a pilot study

Retinal vessel oxygen saturation in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery stenosis: a pilot study

Changes of retinal structure and function in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis

Pearls & Oy-Sters: Ocular ischemic syndrome

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