Peatland groundwater level in the Indonesian maritime continent as an alert for El Niño and moderate positive Indian Ocean dipole events

Sulaiman, Albertus; Osaki, Mitsuru; Takahashi, Hidenori; Yamanaka, Manabu D.; Susanto, Raden Dwi; Shimada, Sawahiko; Kimura, Keiji; Hirano, Takashi; Wetadewi, Rahmawati I.; Silsigia, Sisva; Kato, Tsuyoshi; Kozan, Osamu; Kubo, Hideyuki; Awaluddin, Awaluddin; Tsuji, Naoto

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-27393-x

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Indonesia is a country experiencing two natural phenomena that can cause SST fluctuation and anomaly called Ocean Nino Index (ONI) which produces El Nino or La Nina and Dipole Mode Index (DMI) which can produce IOD+ or IOD-. El Nino causing cold waters in Indonesia and La Nina causing warm water in Indonesia (Sulaiman et al, 2023). IOD + gives Indonesia cold water and IOD-gives Indonesia warm water, so need to calculate of correlation between SST anomaly with ONI and DMI, where the result between ONI and SST anomaly is -0,23 and DMI -SST anomaly is -0,34 with 95% confidence interval and significance ± 0,139.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Climate Change on Coral Reefs Degradation at West Lombok, Indonesia

Nurdjaman,

Nasution,

Johan

et al. 2023

J. Kel. Trop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coral reefs are one of the ecosystems that provide economic and environmental benefits to coastal communities in Indonesia. However, coral reef ecosystems are also one of the ecosystems threatened by climate change at the local scale. The waters of North Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia, are a tropical coastal system with beautiful coral reefs and marine ecosystems. Coral reef damage has been widespread in this area due to increased water temperatures. Increased water temperature results in coral reef degradation. Field surveys were conducted on May 23-28, 2016, in collaboration with the Marine and Coastal Resources Research and Development Center, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, and coral reef mapping using Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 during 2002 - 2016 as well as processing monthly sea surface temperature (SST) data from the AquaModis and Oi SST V2 satellites and daily SST data from the NOAA Coral Reef Watch satellite. Changes in coral cover area were compared with temperature changes due to climate change. The increase in temperature creates a hotspot phenomenon in the coral reef ecosystem, resulting in coral reef degradation. The results showed that coral reefs in this area have degraded by 17.55% or 78.21 Ha from 455.68 Ha (2002) to 367.46 Ha (2016), with a degradation rate of 2.8 Ha/year in 2002 - 2014; 8.1 Ha/year (2014 - 2014) and 36 Ha/year (2015 - 2016) caused by an increase in SST which caused a hotspot phenomenon with a high enough intensity that there was an increase in temperature in 2016 which reached 9.77oC.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Climate Change on Coral Reefs Degradation at West Lombok, Indonesia

Nurdjaman,

Nasution,

Johan

et al. 2023

J. Kel. Trop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The interannual variation of rainfall in Indonesia is strongly influenced by the Southern Oscillation index (SOI) and the associated ocean surface temperature variations, with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) affecting the amounts of precipitation during fire season and annual groundwater levels in the tropical peatlands of Kalimantan (Susilo et al, 2013;Alsepan and Minobe, 2020). The warmer conditions and reduced water vapor during El-Nino years decreases precipitation resulting in lower peatland groundwater level further increasing the fire susceptibility of degraded and drained peatlands (Sulaiman et al, 2023). An increase in the frequency of the El-Niño conditions of the overarching circulation system leads to more frequent, intensely dry fire seasons in Southeast Asia (e.g., Sun et al, 2020;Tan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Dependence Of Fire Frequencies On Meteorological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire frequency, intensity, and burn severity in Kalimantan’s threatened Peatland areas over two Decades

Schmidt,

Ellsworth,

Boisen

et al. 2024

Front. For. Glob. Change

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Kalimantan, the Indonesian portion of the Island of Borneo, has an estimated 45,000 km2 of tropical peatland and represents one of the largest stocks of tropical peat carbon. However, over the last three decades, the peatlands of Indonesia, and Kalimantan in particular, have been heavily degraded or destroyed by drainage of peatland swamps, deforestation, land cover change for agriculture, and intentional burning. Many studies have examined degradation of peat forests and the associated frequency of fires, often focusing on specific regions of Kalimantan over limited periods. Here, we present our results of a spatially comprehensive, long-term analysis of peatland fires in Kalimantan over more than two decades from early 2001 to the end of 2021. We examined the effects of changing climate conditions, land cover change, and the regulatory framework on the total burned area and frequency and severity of peatland fires over a 21-year period by combining extensive datasets of medium-resolution and high-resolution satellite imagery. Moreover, surface fire intensity was modeled for four dominant land use/land cover types to determine how land use change alters fire behavior. Our results confirm a consistent and strong spatiotemporal correlation between hydro-climatological drivers associated with El Niño conditions on peatland fire frequencies and burned peatland area. Changes in the number of fires and burn severity are visible over time and are caused by a combination of large-scale meteorological patterns and changing regulations. A significant relative increase of the “high” and “very high” severity across all peatland fires in Kalimantan was found for the latest period from 2015 through 2021 by 12.1 and 13.4%, compared to the two previous 7-year periods from 2001 to 2007 period and from 2008 to 2014, respectively, whereas the total peatland area burned decreased in 2015 to 2021 by 28.7% on average compared to the previous periods. The results underline the importance of a comprehensive approach considering physical aspects of overarching climate conditions while improving political and regulatory frameworks to mitigate the negative effects of burning tropical peatlands.

show abstract

“…Sulaiman et al analyzed the teleconnected relationship between groundwater levels (GWL) and extreme climatic conditions, such as ENSO and positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD+). They showed that the dropped sea surface temperature anomaly induced by anomalously easterly winds along the southern Java-Sumatra occurs several weeks before the GWL drop to the lowest value [13]. Another study using rainfall data in Kalimantan proposed that seasonal precipitation forecasts should be central to Indonesia's evolving fire management policy derived from their analysis of long, up-to-date series observations on the burnt area, rainfall, and tree cover [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peatland Fire Weather Conditions in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Usup

Hayasaka

2023

Fire

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Peatland fires in Central Kalimantan emit thick smoke and large amounts of greenhouse gases and have an impact on the environment globally, but studies on fire weather have not been carried out due to lack of diurnal weather data. The aim of this study is to identify the fire weather conditions during active fires that is needed to mitigate future occurrences of peat fires in Indonesia. The available diurnal weather data was used to analyze the fire weather conditions. Based on meteorological data on active fires (11 days), there was a significant increase in air temperature due to the sea breeze that started blowing in the morning. The average values for the 11-day period around 15:00 are a maximum air temperature of 36 °C, minimum humidity of 37%, wind speed of 21 km h−1, and a rate of increase of 2.7 °C h−1 from 8:00. The difference in sea and land temperatures causes strong winds to blow and triggers an increase in land temperatures. The results of this report can help predict fire activity at high temperatures in the future based on global warming predictions made by other researchers. The rapid rate of increase in air temperature from the morning will be useful in anticipating fires in Central Indonesia.

show abstract

Peatland groundwater level in the Indonesian maritime continent as an alert for El Niño and moderate positive Indian Ocean dipole events

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Impact of Climate Change on Coral Reefs Degradation at West Lombok, Indonesia

Impact of Climate Change on Coral Reefs Degradation at West Lombok, Indonesia

Fire frequency, intensity, and burn severity in Kalimantan’s threatened Peatland areas over two Decades

Peatland Fire Weather Conditions in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About