Pectic polysaccharides are attacked by hydroxyl radicals in ripening fruit: evidence from a fluorescent fingerprinting method

Othman, Babul Airianah; Vreeburg, Robert A. M.; Fry, Stephen C.

doi:10.1093/aob/mcv192

Cited by 58 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…ROSMETER results (Fig. S4) and downregulation of the two P. persica cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase genes in NS early varieties indicate that these varieties might display an environment that enhances non‐enzymatic ROS‐mediated pectin disassembly (Airianah et al ), thus avoiding the accumulation of partially depolymerized pectins characteristic of mealy fruit (Brummell et al ). SE late varieties displayed increasing ascorbate peroxidase expression levels under cold storage and the ROSMETER ‘ascorbate peroxidase mutant signature’ genes (Rosenwasser et al ) were kept under regular levels (Figs D and S4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Prunus persica genome‐wide RNA‐seq approach uncovers major differences in the transcriptome among chilling injury sensitive and non‐sensitive varieties

Nilo-Poyanco

Vizoso

Sanhueza

et al. 2018

Physiologia Plantarum

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Chilling injury represents a major constrain for crops productivity. Prunus persica, one of the most relevant rosacea crops, have early season varieties that are resistant to chilling injury, in contrast to late season varieties, which display chilling symptoms such as mealiness (dry, sandy fruit mesocarp) after prolonged storage at chilling temperatures. To uncover the molecular processes related to the ability of early varieties to withstand mealiness, postharvest and genome-wide RNA-seq assessments were performed in two early and two late varieties. Differences in juice content and ethylene biosynthesis were detected among early and late season fruits that became mealy after exposed to prolonged chilling. Principal component and data distribution analysis revealed that cold-stored late variety fruit displayed an exacerbated and unique transcriptome profile when compared to any other postharvest condition. A differential expression analysis performed using an empirical Bayes mixture modeling approach followed by co-expression and functional enrichment analysis uncover processes related to ethylene, lipids, cell wall, carotenoids and DNA metabolism, light response, and plastid homeostasis associated to the susceptibility or resistance of P. persica varieties to chilling stress. Several of the genes related to these processes are in quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated to mealiness in P. persica. Together, these analyses exemplify how P. persica can be used as a model for studying chilling stress in plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Prunus persica genome‐wide RNA‐seq approach uncovers major differences in the transcriptome among chilling injury sensitive and non‐sensitive varieties

Nilo-Poyanco

Vizoso

Sanhueza

et al. 2018

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Beside the above plant developmental processes, PMEcontrolled pectin modification is also involved in the regulation of fruit quality. During fruit ripening, a range of pectin-degrading enzymes are secreted into the cell wall, leading to the degradation of pectin polymers and decrease of pectin level [20]. The resultant fruit developmental process is called fruit softening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome wide identification and functional characterization of strawberry pectin methylesterases related to fruit softening

et al. 2020

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Background: Pectin methylesterase (PME) is a hydrolytic enzyme that catalyzes the demethylesterification of homogalacturonans and controls pectin reconstruction, being essential in regulation of cell wall modification. During fruit ripening stage, PME-mediated cell wall remodeling is an important process to determine fruit firmness and softening. Strawberry fruit is a soft fruit with a short postharvest life, due to a rapid loss of firm texture. Hence, preharvest improvement of strawberry fruit rigidity is a prerequisite for extension of fruit refreshing time. Although PME has been well characterized in model plants, knowledge regarding the functionality and evolutionary property of PME gene family in strawberry remain limited. Results: A total of 54 PME genes (FvPMEs) were identified in woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca 'Hawaii 4'). Phylogeny and gene structure analysis divided these FvPME genes into four groups (Group 1-4). Duplicate events analysis suggested that tandem and dispersed duplications effectively contributed to the expansion of the PME family in strawberry. Through transcriptome analysis, we identified FvPME38 and FvPME39 as the most abundantexpressed PMEs at fruit ripening stages, and they were positively regulated by abscisic acid. Genetic manipulation of FvPME38 and FvPME39 by overexpression and RNAi-silencing significantly influences the fruit firmness, pectin content and cell wall structure, indicating a requirement of PME for strawberry fruit softening. Conclusion: Our study globally analyzed strawberry pectin methylesterases by the approaches of phylogenetics, evolutionary prediction and genetic analysis. We verified the essential role of FvPME38 and FvPME39 in regulation of strawberry fruit softening process, which provided a guide for improving strawberry fruit firmness by modifying PME level.

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“…Some ROS — generated at the right time and place — have beneficial biological roles [ 44 ], e.g. H 2 O 2 and 1 O 2 as signalling molecules [ 45 – 49 ]; superoxide made during the oxidative burst as a defence against pathogens [ 50 – 52 ]; H 2 O 2 as a reactant to synthesise lignin [ 53 , 54 ] and to cross-link proteins and feruloyl-polysaccharides in the cell wall, thus strengthening the wall and preventing pathogen ingress [ 44 , 55 , 56 ]; and • OH as a wall-loosening agent enabling cell expansion and fruit softening [ 57 – 60 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oxidation of dehydroascorbic acid and 2,3-diketogulonate by distinct reactive oxygen species

Dewhirst

Fry

2018

Biochemical Journal

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l-Ascorbate, dehydro-l-ascorbic acid (DHA), and 2,3-diketo-l-gulonate (DKG) can all quench reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants and animals. The vitamin C oxidation products thereby formed are investigated here. DHA and DKG were incubated aerobically at pH 4.7 with peroxide (H2O2), ‘superoxide’ (a ∼50 : 50 mixture of and ), hydroxyl radicals (•OH, formed in Fenton mixtures), and illuminated riboflavin (generating singlet oxygen, 1O2). Products were monitored electrophoretically. DHA quenched H2O2 far more effectively than superoxide, but the main products in both cases were 4-O-oxalyl-l-threonate (4-OxT) and smaller amounts of 3-OxT and OxA + threonate. H2O2, but not superoxide, also yielded cyclic-OxT. Dilute Fenton mixture almost completely oxidised a 50-fold excess of DHA, indicating that it generated oxidant(s) greatly exceeding the theoretical •OH yield; it yielded oxalate, threonate, and OxT. 1O2 had no effect on DHA. DKG was oxidatively decarboxylated by H2O2, Fenton mixture, and 1O2, forming a newly characterised product, 2-oxo-l-threo-pentonate (OTP; ‘2-keto-l-xylonate’). Superoxide yielded negligible OTP. Prolonged H2O2 treatment oxidatively decarboxylated OTP to threonate. Oxidation of DKG by H2O2, Fenton mixture, or 1O2 also gave traces of 4-OxT but no detectable 3-OxT or cyclic-OxT. In conclusion, DHA and DKG yield different oxidation products when attacked by different ROS. DHA is more readily oxidised by H2O2 and superoxide; DKG more readily by 1O2. The diverse products are potential signals, enabling organisms to respond appropriately to diverse stresses. Also, the reaction-product ‘fingerprints’ are analytically useful, indicating which ROS are acting in vivo.

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Pectic polysaccharides are attacked by hydroxyl radicals in ripening fruit: evidence from a fluorescent fingerprinting method

Cited by 58 publications

References 92 publications

A Prunus persica genome‐wide RNA‐seq approach uncovers major differences in the transcriptome among chilling injury sensitive and non‐sensitive varieties

A Prunus persica genome‐wide RNA‐seq approach uncovers major differences in the transcriptome among chilling injury sensitive and non‐sensitive varieties

Genome wide identification and functional characterization of strawberry pectin methylesterases related to fruit softening

The oxidation of dehydroascorbic acid and 2,3-diketogulonate by distinct reactive oxygen species

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