Pectin in pig nutrition, a comparative review

Drochner, W.; Kerler, Anja; Zacharias, Bernhard

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0396.2004.00490.x

Cited by 73 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This ingredient is high in soluble fiber, and most of this fiber is pectin, which is highly fermentable in the digestive tract of pigs (Drochner et al, 2004). The same result was verified by Freire et al (2000) and Schavion et al (2004), who evaluated beet pulp in piglets, which is rich in soluble fiber, compared to other fibrous ingredients such as wheat bran, soybean hulls, and alfalfa meal.…”

Section: Assaymentioning

confidence: 60%

Purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp as a source of fiber for weaned piglets

Pascoal

Thomaz

Watanabe

et al. 2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Dietary fiber is an important component, which has a direct effect on intake, digestion, and absorption of nutrients; and also alters intestinal microbiota and morphology according to solubility. One digestibility trial and one performance experiment were performed to evaluate the effects of sources of fiber in diets for 21 day weaned piglets. The experimental diets used in both trials consisted of a control diet and diets with purified cellulose, soybean hulls or citrus pulp as a main source of dietary fiber. To evaluate the digestibility of nutrients (Assay 1), the total feces and urine collection method was used. The fiber sources did not affect nutrient digestibility, except for soluble fiber, which increased with the inclusion of citrus (Citrus sinensis L.) pulp. To evaluate performance, morphophysiology and microbiology of the digestive tract of weaned piglets, a total of 32 castrated male piglets was used. Slaughter of animals was implemented at 35 and 50 days of age. The use of soybean (Glycine max L.) hulls and citrus pulp in diets increased the number of goblet cells and the density of villi in the jejunum. The viscosities of stomach and cecum contents increased due to the addition of citrus pulp. Soybean hulls and the citrus pulp included in diets reduced the occurrence of E. coli in the small intestines of piglets slaughtered at 35 days of age. Among the fiber sources, purified cellulose in piglet diets promotes better performance of animals, due to the modulation of the small intestine microbiota, with lower E. coli occurrence resulting in higher villus density.

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Section: Assaymentioning

confidence: 60%

Purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp as a source of fiber for weaned piglets

Pascoal

Thomaz

Watanabe

et al. 2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…Although Stagonias & Pearce (1985) and Drochner et al (2004) reported that transit time is influenced by the level of fiber in the diet, the transit time of diets in the gastrointestinal tract (Table 3) was not influenced (P>0.05) by the inclusion of different fiber sources. An increase in the gastrointestinal transit time may be associated with the type of fiber present in the diet, in addition to other physical characteristics of the feed, such as particle size, amount of fiber ingested and animal weight (Castro Júnior et al, 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…An increase in the gastrointestinal transit time may be associated with the type of fiber present in the diet, in addition to other physical characteristics of the feed, such as particle size, amount of fiber ingested and animal weight (Castro Júnior et al, 2005). Drochner et al (2004) with the amount of soluble fiber (pectin) in the food, because this fraction may reduce the pH of the stomach and, consequently, retard the arrival of the digesta in the duodenum, as well as enhance viscosity, thus contributing to increasing in transit time of diets in the gastrointestinal tract. Freire et al (2000) used different fiber sources (wheat bran, beet pulp, soybean hulls, alfafa meal) in the diet of weaned piglets and observed reduction in the transit time when animals received alfafa meal in their diet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber sources in diets for newly weaned piglets

et al. 2012

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-This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp in the diet of weaned piglets. A total of 72 piglets (36 castrated males and 36 females) weaned at 21 days of age (BW 6.45±0.66 kg) was distributed according to a randomized block design, for evaluation of performance, transit time, diarrhea incidence and blood parameters of piglets which received diets containing different sources of fiber. The experimental diets were: control diet -diet composed of corn, soybean meal and a source of lactose; control + 1.5% purified cellulose; control + 3% soybean hull and control + 9% citrus pulp. The inclusion of purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp in diets of weaned piglets did not affect the performance or transit time of diets in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the use of purified cellulose reduced incidence of diarrhea. The use of purified cellulose, soybean hull and citrus pulp in the diet of weaned piglets does not affect performance or gastrointestinal transit time. The addition of purified cellulose promotes a beneficial effect to control the diarrhea in weaned piglets.

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“…In the case of xylan and wheat bran, high acetate levels are a consequence of low hydrolysis rates that limit the release of monosaccharides. For pectin, this is due to the production of extracellular pectinolytic enzymes (Drochner et al, 2004). The extracellular release of oligosaccharides benefit microbial competitors and reduce the growth of pectinolytic bacteria.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methoxylation decreases the growth rate of pectin-fermenting bacteria (Olano-Martin et al, 2002). The methyl group can be esterified with a release of methanol (Drochner et al, 2004) but, unlike glucuronic acid, the methyl group is unusable by pectinolytic bacteria (Hall and Herejk, 2001) for ATP generation and growth.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

The source of fermentable carbohydrates influences the in vitro protein synthesis by colonic bacteria isolated from pigs

Bindelle

Buldgen

Wavreille

et al. 2007

Animal

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Two in vitro experiments were carried out to quantify the incorporation of nitrogen (N) by pig colonic bacteria during the fermentation of dietary fibre, including non-starch polysaccharides and resistant starch. In the first experiment, five purified carbohydrates were used: starch (S), cellulose (C), inulin (I), pectin (P) and xylan (X). In the second experiment, three pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysed ingredients were investigated: potato, sugar-beet pulp and wheat bran. The substrates were incubated in an inoculum, prepared from fresh faeces of sows and a buffer solution providing 15 N-labelled NH 4 Cl. Gas production was monitored. Bacterial N incorporation (BNI) was estimated by measuring the incorporation of 15 N in the solid residue at halftime to asymptotic gas production (T/2). The remaining substrate was analysed for sugar content. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were determined in the liquid phase. In the first experiment, the fermentation kinetics differed between the substrates. P, S and I showed higher rates of degradation (P , 0.001), while X and C showed a longer lag time and T/2. The sugar disappearance reached 0.91, 0.90, 0.81, 0.56 and 0.46, respectively, for P, I, S, C and X. Among them, S and I fixed more N per gram substrate (P , 0.05) than C, X and P (22.9 and 23.2 mg fixed N per gram fermented substrate v. 11.3, 12.3 and 9.8, respectively). Production of SCFA was the highest for the substrates with low N fixation: 562 and 565 mg/g fermented substrate for X and C v. 290 to 451 for P, I and S (P , 0.01). In the second experiment, potato and sugar-beet pulp fermented more rapidly than wheat bran (P , 0.001). Substrate disappearance at T/2 varied from 0.17 to 0.50. BNI were 18.3, 17.0 and 10.2 fixed N per gram fermented substrate, for sugar-beet pulp, potato and wheat bran, respectively, but were not statistically different. SCFA productions were the highest with wheat bran (913 mg/g fermented substrate) followed by sugar-beet pulp (641) and potato (556) (P , 0.05). The differences in N uptake by intestinal bacteria are linked to the partitioning of the substrate energy content between bacterial growth and SCFA production. This partitioning varies according to the rate of fermentation and the chemical composition of the substrate, as shown by the regression equation linking BNI to T/2 and SCFA (r 2 5 0.91, P , 0.01) and the correlation between BNI and insoluble dietary fibre (r 5 20.77, P , 0.05) when pectin was discarded from the database.

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Pectin in pig nutrition, a comparative review

Cited by 73 publications

References 62 publications

Purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp as a source of fiber for weaned piglets

Purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp as a source of fiber for weaned piglets

Fiber sources in diets for newly weaned piglets

The source of fermentable carbohydrates influences the in vitro protein synthesis by colonic bacteria isolated from pigs

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