Peculiarities of Applying Ballistic Gel as a Simulator of Human Biological Tissues

Abstract

The study of a mechanism of gunshot wound formation is the main task of wound ballistics. The damaging effect of the wounding projectile (the regularities in the formation of a temporary pulsating cavity) can be studied the most effectively as part of an experiment on simulators whose physical properties (density, elasticity, the capacity to absorb energy) resemble the tissues of a living human. The article presents modern capacities of applying ballistic gel as the most representative biological simulator of a living human s tissues. The article suggests priority methods ofmaking blocks of gel, the conditions of conducting the experiment and mathematic processing of data from the perspective wounding ballistics. Due to the elastic properties of gel, the temporary pulsating cavity that emerges in the course of the wounding projectile in the same way as the living tissues collapse with the permanent wound tract. In order to evaluate the volume of the damaging effect of the wounding projectile there are used standard calculation methods: the fissure surface area (FSA), wound profile method (WPM), the total crack length method (TCL).

Woundary ballistics of biological tissue’s plastic deformation on the model of ballistic plastiline using hollow point and shape-stable bullets

“…Simulation of a gunshot wound canal is the most important stage in the study of the mechanism of formation of gunshot wounds and is one of the main tasks of the study of wound ballistics [1][2][3]. Local military conflicts of recent decades around the world indicate that the use of modern firearms and ammunition has radically changed the nature of the received injuries and the structure of sanitary losses.…”

“…The traumatic effects of gunshot injuries in humans cannot be verified in vivo, so reliable tissue simulators must be used. The greatest recognition among imitators was received by 10% and 20% aqueous solutions of gelatin in the form of a gel, glycerin soap and ballistic plasticine [3,[8][9][10][11]. Research and study of all elements of the wound channel allows to study the features of the formation of the wound canal [12][13][14].…”