Peculiarities of barnacle adhesive cured on non-stick surfaces

Wiegemann, Maja; Watermann, Burkard

doi:10.1163/156856103770572070

Cited by 87 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The appearance of atypical basal plates and adult cement has been observed when barnacles grow on silicone coatings (Watermann et al 1997Wiegemann & Watermann, 2003;Holm et al 2005;Kavanagh & Swain, personal communication) (Figure 1). Individuals exhibiting the atypical morphology were observed to synthesise a thick, paste-like cement that was granular in nature, which was similar to the atypical morphology reported by .…”

Section: Occurrence Of Atypical Basal Plate and Adult Cement Morphologymentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A proportion of animals growing on silicone coatings have been shown to have atypical basal plate morphology (sometimes referred to as ''cupped'') that consists of a thick callus of cement present between the calcareous basal plate and the substratum; the basal plate often forms a cup over this thick callus (Watermann et al 1997;Wiegemann & Watermann, 2003). Moreover, Holm et al (2005) have shown that the occurrence of the atypical basal plate morphology has both an environmental and a genetic underpinning and that there is a significant interac tion between these factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The atypical or altered cement produced by barnacles growing on silicone surfaces could be observed visually as a white mass that obscured the radial structures charac teristic of the barnacle's basal plate Wiegemann & Watermann, 2003). Barnacles exhibiting any ''clouding'' of the basal plate when viewed from below were designated as having the atypical or ''cupped'' morphology, with all others being designated ''flat''.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors that influence elastomeric coating performance: the effect of coating thickness on basal plate morphology, growth and critical removal stress of the barnacleBalanus amphitrite

et al. 2006

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Silicone coatings are currently the most effective non-toxic fouling release surfaces. Understanding the mechanisms that contribute to the performance of silicone coatings is necessary to further improve their design. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of coating thickness on basal plate morphology, growth, and critical removal stress of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite. Barnacles were grown on silicone coatings of three thicknesses (0.2, 0.5 and 2 mm). Atypical (''cupped'') basal plate morphology was observed on all surfaces, although there was no relationship between coating thickness and i) the proportion of individuals with the atypical morphology, or ii) the growth rate of individuals. Critical removal stress was inversely proportional to coating thickness. Furthermore, individuals with atypical basal plate morphology had a significantly lower critical removal stress than individuals with the typical (''flat'') morphology. The data demonstrate that coating thickness is a fundamental factor governing removal of barnacles from silicone coatings.

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Section: Occurrence Of Atypical Basal Plate and Adult Cement Morphologymentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors that influence elastomeric coating performance: the effect of coating thickness on basal plate morphology, growth and critical removal stress of the barnacleBalanus amphitrite

et al. 2006

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“…Lys residues that are crosslinked are released as free Lys. Polymerized cement was obtained by scrapping off and pooling the soft, opaque cement that is formed by some barnacles when attached to silicone substrates (Wiegemann and Watermann, 2003;Holm et al, 2005). After collection, cement was rinsed with deionized water and lyophilized.…”

Section: Identification Of -(-Glutamyl)lysine Cross-links In Barnacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barnacle cement: a polymerization model based on evolutionary concepts

Dickinson

Vega

Wahl

et al. 2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

123

135

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SUMMARYEnzymes and biochemical mechanisms essential to survival are under extreme selective pressure and are highly conserved through evolutionary time. We applied this evolutionary concept to barnacle cement polymerization, a process critical to barnacle fitness that involves aggregation and cross-linking of proteins. The biochemical mechanisms of cement polymerization remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that this process is biochemically similar to blood clotting, a critical physiological response that is also based on aggregation and cross-linking of proteins. Like key elements of vertebrate and invertebrate blood clotting, barnacle cement polymerization was shown to involve proteolytic activation of enzymes and structural precursors, transglutaminase cross-linking and assembly of fibrous proteins. Proteolytic activation of structural proteins maximizes the potential for bonding interactions with other proteins and with the surface. Transglutaminase cross-linking reinforces cement integrity. Remarkably, epitopes and sequences homologous to bovine trypsin and human transglutaminase were identified in barnacle cement with tandem mass spectrometry and/or western blotting. Akin to blood clotting, the peptides generated during proteolytic activation functioned as signal molecules, linking a molecular level event (protein aggregation) to a behavioral response (barnacle larval settlement). Our results draw attention to a highly conserved protein polymerization mechanism and shed light on a long-standing biochemical puzzle. We suggest that barnacle cement polymerization is a specialized form of wound healing. The polymerization mechanism common between barnacle cement and blood may be a theme for many marine animal glues. Supplementary material available online at

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“…The structure of the thin (approx. 1 mm) adhesive layer has been shown to be a fibrillar [14][15][16][17] protein with secondary structure exhibiting characteristics of amyloid-folded (antiparallel b-sheet) proteins in Balanus amphitrite [17]. Above the proteinaceous cement layer in many barnacles is a calcified base plate, imparting further mechanical rigidity to the adhesive interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barnacles resist removal by crack trapping

Hui

Long

Wahl

et al. 2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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We study the mechanics of pull-off of a barnacle adhering to a thin elastic layer which is bonded to a rigid substrate. We address the case of barnacles having acorn shell geometry and hard, calcarious base plates. Pull-off is initiated by the propagation of an interface edge crack between the base plate and the layer. We compute the energy release rate of this crack as it grows along the interface using a finite element method. We also develop an approximate analytical model to interpret our numerical results and to give a closedform expression for the energy release rate. Our result shows that the resistance of barnacles to interfacial failure arises from a crack-trapping mechanism.

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Peculiarities of barnacle adhesive cured on non-stick surfaces

Cited by 87 publications

References 15 publications

Factors that influence elastomeric coating performance: the effect of coating thickness on basal plate morphology, growth and critical removal stress of the barnacleBalanus amphitrite

Factors that influence elastomeric coating performance: the effect of coating thickness on basal plate morphology, growth and critical removal stress of the barnacleBalanus amphitrite

Barnacle cement: a polymerization model based on evolutionary concepts

Barnacles resist removal by crack trapping

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