Peculiarities of Institutional Stage of Inpatient Rehabilitation After Cardio-Surgical Interventions

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are still ranking the leading position among the commonest disabling diseases and the causes of mortality. The increase in the number of cardiac surgical operations performed requires the development of effective rehabilitation measures. Due to the patient’s individual characteristics, there is a need to develop and test rehabilitation programs for patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), or valve prosthetics. The aim of the study is to determine the principal features of cardiac rehabilitation for patients after cardiac surgery and to evaluate the effectiveness of multicomponent individualized cardiac rehabilitation programs. The study was conducted at the recently opened Department of Rehabilitation and Planned Cardiology of the Poltava Regional Clinical Medical Cardiovascular Center. The study involved patients, who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and valve prosthetics. Effective rehabilitation for patients after cardiac surgery requires determining the level of their rehabilitation potential that enables to choose the optimal pace and scope of rehabilitation measures, based on individual indicators of patients. The implementation of multicomponent cardiac rehabilitation programs with an individualized approach based on rehabilitation potential in patients after cardiac surgery significantly reduces the length of hospital staying, promotes the widening in the range of motor modes; as well as contributes to improvement of the quality of life compared to the patients after cardiac surgery who received standard rehabilitation program. Early start of rehabilitation measures in patients after surgical operations also enhances better recovery of lost functions. The 6-minute walk test at the beginning and the end of the inpatient stage treatment enables to estimate the efficiency of rehabilitation measures.